A proposito Iagi informa che l'unico ramo che discende effettivamente da Federico II e' la Dinastia Avril de Burey Anjou Hohenstaufen Plantagenet Puoti, ossia Aprile von Hohenstaufen Puoti, di cui e' ultima discendente la Principessa Kathrin Aprile von Hohenstaufen Puoti, medico chirurgo, come dai suoi dati ufficiali anagrafici:
http://www.omceomi.it/cont/520ele/default.asp?c=CDD2LCQFM2AEGEGH
posted by Prof. Umberto dei Liberti @ 1:47 PM
22 Comments:
http://www.schloesser-und-gaerten.de/eng/objekte/lo/lo_stile.php
Nazione 2001.9.8
Titti Giuliani Foti
SANSEPOLCRO — Alla fine il principe Carlo d'Inghilterra non è venuto. Ma ha inviato per rappresentare la casata Windsor la principessa Jasmine von Hohenstaufen, del nobilissimo ramo dei Plantageneti. Una folla mediatica delle grandi occasioni è arrivata nella cittadina di Piero della Francesca per merito dell'associazione Commercianti Centro Storico di Sansepolcro, che ha messo a segno il colpaccio. Cameramen, telecamere, microfoni direzionali e vip: sbalorditi gli abitanti della cittadina.
Mai c'era stata tanta noblesse tutta insieme. Ma il richiamo è stato grande, perché queste proposte a Palazzo Inghirami sono storie non di confine o di contaminazioni quotidiane, sono storie raccontate da un artista davvero speciale: sua altezza reale il principe Carlo d'Inghilterra. L'evento che ha radunato quasi tutti i blasoni della Toscana — dai della Gherardesca, ai Corsini, passando per i Frescobaldi — molti principi romani — Borghese, Giovanelli, Ruffo di Calabria — e giovani rampolli della nobiltà milanese, piemontese e toscana — tra i quali citiamo Barbaiano di Belgiojoso, Calvi di Bergolo, legati alla famiglia dei Savoia; e i Baldinetti de' Bacci — ha un titolo suggestivo: «Il principe e il paesaggio. Litografie da Casa Windsor» e verrà aperta oggi al grande pubblico, a Palazzo Inghirami (sponsor unico della mostra) per rimanere in cartellone fino al 7 ottobre (tutti i giorni, ore 10-13 e 15-20).
Per la scelta delle 11 litografie firmate da Carlo — che testimoniano l'amore del principe per la natura, nella sua Inghilterra come nelle predilette Italia e Grecia — pare che sia stato sostanziale il contributo del ventiseienne figlio di Camilla Parker Bowles, appassionato d'arte.
In mostra, anche le venti acqueforti di Casa Windsor, opere della Regina Vittoria, del Principe Alberto e della loro primogenita, la Principessa Louise a testimonianza di una vocazione «artistica» che si tramanda da generazioni.
L'attività pittorica del Principe Carlo è legata alla «Hrh Fondazione Benefica del Principe» che, destina i ricavati delle vendite a cause umanitarie. E chiunque avrà la possibilità di acquistare in loco le litografie della regina Vittoria e del suo discendente, a prezzi che vanno dalle 150mila lire a 25 milioni.
Il 6 ottobre, a conclusione dell'esposizione, gran finale con un'asta battuta da Christie's .
dall'inviato
Messo da Euronews - 21/10/2004 01:47 AM
Potior Poto or
CanmoreTo bottom of this page)
(Back to chapter Genealogy)
Han van der Voort's Homepage
Genealogy
(Under construction)
AD 980-1208
"Canmore" Kings of Scotland
Dunkeld, Huntingdon
For younger generations of ancestors who are descended from this family:
see page on Boulogne
see page on Holland
Children of
Unknown
and Unknown
(See 31, 30, 29 generations back)
Crinan (Cronan) "The Thane" Canmore, of Dunkeld
(4 times our ancestor, blood-relationship 0,00000030 %)
* 980 x Bethoc (Beatrice) MacAlpine of Scotland (1000?) + 1045
Crinan married Bethoc, the heiress to the Scottish throne.
Children of
Crinan (Cronan) "The Thane" Canmore, of Dunkeld (980-1045)
and Bethoc (Beatrice) MacAlpine of Scotland (984-1045)
(See 30, 29, 28 generations back)
Duncan I of Dunkeld, King of Scotland
(4 times our ancestor, blood-relationship 0,00000061 %)
* 1001 x Sybilla (Algitha?) of Northumberland (1031) + 14-8-1040 (Pitgaveny)
Duncan was killed by his cousin MacBeth (made famous by Shakespeare), who then succeeded him as King, until he himself was murdered in 1057 by Duncan's son Malcolm III, see next.
Children of
Duncan I of Dunkeld, King of Scotland (1001-1040)
and Sybilla (Algitha?) of Northumberland (?-?)
(See 29, 28, 27 generations back)
Malcolm III Canmore, King of Scotland
(4 times our ancestor, blood-relationship 0,0000012 %)
* 1031 x I. Ingibjorg II. Margaret Aetheling of England ("Saint Margaret of Scotland") (1068?) + 13-11-1093 (Alnwick)
Malcolm became King of Scotland in 1058 after killing his two predecessors: MacBeth (who had killed Malcolm's father) in 1057 and MacBeth's son and successor Lulach in the following year. Malcolm's wife Margaret was the sister of Edgar II Aetheling, King of England, who was married to Malcolm's sister Margaret.
Donald Ban, King of Scotland
* ? + 1098
Donald Ban became King in 1093 as the successor of his brother Malcolm III, until he was deposed in 1094 by Duncan II, Ingibjorg's son, who was supported by the English. Duncan II's reign ended when he was killed the same year, possibly by Donald Ban himself, who was then restored to the throne of Scotland.
Margaret of Scotland
* ? (before 1040) x Edgar II Aetheling, King of England + ?
Children of
Malcolm III Canmore, King of Scotland (1031-1093)
and Margaret Aetheling of England ("Saint Margaret of Scotland") (1046-1093)
(See 28, 27, 26 generations back)
Edgar, King of Scotland
* ? + 1107
Edgar became King in 1098 as the successor of his uncle Donald Ban.
Alexander I, King of Scotland
* ? + 1124
Alexander became King in 1107 as the successor of his brother Edgar.
Eadgyth (Edith) (Mathilde) of Scotland
* 1080 (Dunfermline) x Henry I Beauclerc, King of England (Westminster 6-8-1100) + 1-5-1118 (Westminster)
Mary of Scotland
(3 times our ancestor, blood-relationship 0,0000017 %)
* 1080 x Eustache III, Count of Boulogne (1102) + 31-5-1116
For her descendants see the page on Boulogne
David I, King of Scotland
(1 times our ancestor, blood-relationship 0,00000075 %)
* 1084 x Maud (Mathilde) of Northumberland (of Huntingdon) (1113) + 24-5-1153 (Carlisle)
David became King in 1124 as the successor of his brother Alexander I.
Children of
David I, King of Scotland (1084-1093)
and Maud (Mathilde) of Northumberland (of Huntingdon) (1072-1130)
(See 26 generations back)
Henry of Scotland
(1 times our ancestor, blood-relationship 0,0000015 %)
* 1115 x Ada of Varennes (1134) + 12-6-1152
Henry never succeeded to the throne of Scotland because he died before his father.
Children of
Henry of Scotland (1115-1152)
and Ada of Varennes (1120?-1178)
(See 25 generations back)
Malcolm IV, King of Scotland
* ? + 1165
Malcolm became King in 1153 as the successor of his grandfather Malcom III. His father Henry had died the year before.
William "The Lion", King of Scotland
* ? + 1214
William succeeded his brother David in 1165 as King.
David, Earl of Huntingdon
* ? + ?
Margaret of Scotland
* ? x Conan IV "The Little" of Richemont, of Bretagne (1160) + 1201
Ada of Huntingdon (of Scotland)
(1 times our ancestor, blood-relationship 0,0000030 %)
* ? x Floris III, Count of Holland (28-8-1162) + 11-1-1208
For her descendants see the page on Holland
Han's Homepage
(Back home)
(Back to chapter Genealogy)
(To top of this page)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Abbot Crinan Mormaer DUNKELD
(Abt 975-1045)
Princess Beatrice SCOTLAND
(Abt 980-)
Prince Boedhe SCOTLAND
(Abt 990-)
Bernicia AEFFLAED
(Abt 994-)
King Duncan MacCrinan SCOTLAND, I
(Abt 1001-1040)
Queen Sibyl Fitz Siward Northumberland SCOTLAND
(Abt 1003-1040)
King Malcolm Canmore SCOTLAND, III
(Abt 1031-1093)
Family Links
Spouses/Children:
1. Princess Ingibjorg Finnsdatter ORKNEY
King Duncan SCOTLAND, II+
Prince SCOTLAND
Prince SCOTLAND
2. Queen Saint Margaret Cerdic SCOTLAND
Prince Edward SCOTLAND
King Edmund SCOTLAND, I
Prince Ethelred SCOTLAND
King Edgar SCOTLAND
Prince SCOTLAND
Prince SCOTLAND
King Alexander SCOTLAND, I
Queen Matilda Edith Scotland ENGLAND+
King David Huntingdon SCOTLAND, I+
Countess Mary Scotland BOULOGNE+
King Malcolm Canmore SCOTLAND, III
Born: Abt 1031-1033, Atholl, Perthshire, Scotland
Married (1): Abt 1059, Atholl, Perthshire, Scotland
Married (2): Abt 1062-1069, Atholl, Perthshire, Scotland
Died: 13 Nov 1093, Castle, Alnwick, Northumberland, England
Buried: Church, Holy Trinity, Dunfermline, Fifeshire, Scotland
Cause of his death was Killed At War.
Other names for Malcolm were "The Big Head", "Ceannmor", Eadgyth, Maud, SCOTLAND King and "Canmore".
Ancestral File Number: 8XJB-53. User ID: 151277958/302555656.
General Notes:
"Canmore" or "Ceannmor" or "The Big Head", or Potior , Potis ,Poto ( from son of King Adelkis)King of SCOTLAND Reigned 1057/
1058-1093, Killed KQGB.
BOOKS
Robert the Bruce King of Scots, Ronald McNair Scott, Carroll & Graf Publishers Inc, New York, 1982.
p3: "For over two hundred years, since Birnam Wood came to Dunsinane and the forces of Malcolm III had defeated and slain Macbeth, the House of Canmore had been the rulers of Scotland. During the reigns of eight succeeding kings of that blood, by conquest or by treaty, the realm had been enlarged so that when Alexander wed Yolande she became the queen of a kingdom which differed little in extent from the Scotland of the present day..."
Barber Grandparents: 125 Kings, 143 Generations, Ted Butler Bernard and Gertrude Barber Bernard, 1978, McKinney TX, p89: "397A Malcolm III, King of Scotland, (S of 374, F of 407); (The genealogy of Malcolm III goes back through the A's to Adam and Eve which is a part of the Ann Gorsuch genealogy as explained in the introduction to Chapter II. This Gorsuch branch is discontinued here, but ties in with Malcolm's wife, Margaret, which is continued as a part of the Barber genealogy.)"
Kings and Queens of Europe, Genealogical Chart, Anne Taute and Romilly Squire, Taute 1989: "Malcolm III Ceannmor, Son of Duncan I and Sybil, King of Scotland 1058-1093, Mar =1 (?2) Ingeborg Orkney, =2 Margaret Sister of Edward Atheling Died 1093, Died 1093."
Kings and Queens of Great Britain, Genealogical Chart, Anne Taute and Romilly Squire, Taute, 1990: "Malcolm III Ceannore (Bighead) King of Scotland 1058- 1093, Son of Duncan I and Aelflaed, Mar =1 (?3) Ingibiorg (?Gruoch) widow of Thorfinn Earl of Orkney, =2 St Margaret Daughter of Edgar the Exile, Killed 1093 ...St Margaret Mar = (2) Malcolm III King of Scotland."
The Political History of England, Vol II, George Burton Adams Longmans Green and Co, 1905, Ch I, p31:
"...Early in the summer of 1068 the army began its march upon York, advancing along a line somewhat to the west of the centre of England, as the situation would naturally demand. As in William's earlier marches, so here again he encountered no resistance. Whatever may have been the extent of the conspiracy or the plans of the leaders, the entire movement collapsed before the Norman's firm dietermination to be master of the kingdom. Edwin and Morcar had collected an army andwre in the field somewhere between Warwick and Northampton, but when the time came when the fight could no longer be postponed, they thought better of it, besought the king's favour again, and obtained at least the show of it...
"The present expedition went no further north, but its influence extended further. Ethelwin, the Bishop of Durham, came in and made his submission. He bore inquires also from Malcolm, the king of Scots, who had been listening to the appeals for aid fromthe enemies of William, and preparing himself to advance to their assistance. The Bishop of Durham was sent back to let him know what assurances would be acceptable to William, and he undoubtedly also informed him of the actual state of affairssouth of his borders, of the progress which the invader had made, and of the hopelessness of resistance. The Normans at any rate believed that as a result of the bishop's mission Malcolm was gald to send down an embassy of his own which tendered to William an oath of obedience. It is not likely that William attached much weight to any profession of the Scottish king's. Already, probably as soon as the failure of this northern undertaking was apparent, some of the most prominent of the English, who seem to have taken part in it, had abandoned England and gone to the Scottish court. It is very possible that Edgar and his two sisters, Margaret and Christina, sought the protection of Malcolm at this time...These men had earlier submitted to William...and had been received with favour. Under what circumstances they turned against him we do not know, but they had very likely attracted by the promise of strength in this effort at resistance, and were now less inclinedthan the unstable Edwin to profess so early a repentance. Margaret, whether she went to Scotland at this time or a little later, found there a permanent home, consenting against her will to become the bride of Malcolm instead of the bride of the Church as she had wished. As queen she gained, through teaching her wild subjects, bu the example of gentle manners and noble life, a wider mission than the convent could have furnished her. The conditions which Malcolm accepted evidently contained no demand as to any English fugitives, nor any other to which he could seriously object. William was usually able to discern the times, and did not attempt the impracticable."
p90: [1093] "...On his return to Scotland he immediately took arms, and again invaded Northumberland. This, however, was destined to be the last of his incursions, for he was killed, together with his eldest son, Edward, near Alnwick, on the eastern coast. The news of the death of her husband andson at once proved fatal to Queen Margaret..."
Wall Chart of World History, Edward Hull, 1988, Studio Editions, Scotland, 1057: "Malcolm III, King of Scotland 1057-1093, "The Big Head", Son of Duncan, Killed..."
The Story of Civilization, Will Durant, Vol IV, The Age of Faith, Bk V, The Climax of Christianity, Ch XXV, The Recovery of Europe, Sec IX, Scotland, p683: "Malcolm III (1058-1093) was a warrior who repeatedly invaded England..."
Enclyclopaedia Britannica, 1981, Micropaedia, Vol VI, p529, Malcolm III Canmore: "Born Abt 1031, Died 13 Nov 1093 near Alnwick Northumberland, King of Scotland from 1058-1093, founder of the dynasty that consolidated royal power in the Scottish kingdom. The son of King Duncan I (ruled 1034-1040), he lived in exile in England during part of the reign of his father's murderer, Macbeth (ruled 1040-1057). Malcolm killed Macbeth in battle in 1057 and then ascended the throne. After the conquest of England by William, Duke of Normandy, in 1066, Malcolm gave refuge to the Anglo-Saxon Prince Edgar the Aetheling and his sisters, one of whom, Margaret (later Saint Margaret), became his second wife."
"Malcolm acknowledged the overlordship of William in 1072 but nevertheless soon violated his feudal obligations and made five raids into England. During the last of these invasions he was killed by the forces of King William II Rufus (ruled 1087-1100). Except for a brief interval after Malcolm's death, the Scottish throne remained in his family until the death of Queen Margaret, the Maid of Norway, in 1290. Of Malcolm's six sons by Margaret, three succeeded to the throne: Edgar (ruled 1097-1107), Alexander I (1107-1124), and David I (1124-1153)."
The New Columbia Encyclopedia, 1975, p2455, Scotland: "Under Malcolm III, who married St Margaret of Scotland (an English princess), there began a reorganization of the Scottish church and a gradual Anglicization of the Lowland peoples. Malcolm invaded England after rejecting the claim of William II of England to sovereignity over Scotland, but peace followed the marriage of Malcolm's daughter to Henry I of England and allowed the process of feudalization in Scotland to continue. Althoughthe clan system, based on blood relationships and personal loyalty to a chieftain survived in the Highlands, feudal property laws were generally adopted in the Lowlands in the 11th and 12th centuries..."
p1672, Malcolm III: "(Malcolm Canmore), died 1093, King of Scotland (1057-1093), son of Duncan I; successor to MacBeth (Died 1057). It took him some years after Bacbeth's death to regain the boundaries of his father's kingdom. About 1068, Edgar Atheling, pretender to the English throne, took refuge with Malcolm, who soon married Edgar's sister Margaret (Saint, of Scotland). On behalf of Edgar, Malcolm invaded N England, but in 1072, William I of England invaded Scotland, and Malcolm made peace with him. In the reign of William II, Edgar joined Malcolm in his raid into England in 1091, but William forced both men to submit and to do homage. Malcolm was killed at Alnwick on still another raid into England. His frequent wars insured the independence of his kingdom, which made possible the great ecclisiastical reorganization initiated by his wife, Margaret. Malcolm was succeeded by his brother Donald Bane, but later three of Malcolm's sons were kings of Scotland- Edgar (reigned 1097-1107), Alexander I,and David I. Malcolm's daughter Edith (renamed Matilda) married Henry I of England, and another daughter was mother to the wife of King Stephen of England."
From Alfred to Henry III 871-1272, Christopher Brooke, 1961, Norton Library History ofEngland, p197-198: "The most widely known event in Scottish history before the late thirteenth century is the destruction of Macbeth and the accession of Malcolm III. These events have been wonderfully telescoped in Shakespeare's play- old Siward's victory took place in 1054, Macbeth held out until 1057, and not until 1058 was Malcolm hailed as King of Scotland. Our serious knowledge of Scottish history, the story of Normand infiltration and the effective unity of the Scottish kingdom all date from the accession of Malcom `Canmore' (`big head') in 1058. There had been a long preparation for this unity. By the tenth century most of northern and western Scotland was subject to the kings of the Scots and of Strathclyde. Fora brief while King Edmund united the two kingdoms. More significant, in the late tenth or early eleventh century the English lands between the Forth and the Tweed, then known as the Lothian, became part of the Scottish kingdom...The attachmentof a new province, reasonably prosperous and closely allied in culture and institutions to the English kingdom, permanently shifted the centres of power in Scotland and ultimately changed the character of the kingdom. Lothian provided a base such as the Welsh princes never possessed.
"Lothian finally joined Scotland in 1018, in the reign of Malcolm II, who also won Strathclyde for his grandson, Shakespeare's Duncan, first king of all Scotland. But the dynasty and the union wereboth insecure before the accession of Malcolm III. Malcolm himself had the idea then traditional among Scottish rulers, that their profession was to raid England; but the Norman Conquest of England had the effect of filling the Scottish court with distinguished English leaders, the greatest of whom was Malcom's second wife, Margaret, sister of Edgar the Aetheling, better known as St Margaret of Scotland..."
INTERNET
Draper Gedcom
http://www.my-ged.com/db/page/draper/01298
Malcolm III., grandson of Malcolm II., King of Scotland, called Canmore (Caen Mor, or great head) because of the large size of his head, was born in 1024, before his father was called to the throne, and he became king at the time of his victory over Macbeth in 1039, remaining so until his death in 1093. He was buried at Icelmkill. He married about 1059 (1) Ingibiorg, and about 1069 (2) Margaret (St. Margaret), daughter of Edward the Exile (Etheling). ("The Genealogy of Homer Beers James", V1, JANDA Consultants, © 1993 Homer James) The eldest son of Duncan I, Malcolm is best known for his role in Shakespeare's "Macbeth" and in the hagiography of his wife, Margaret of England, granddaughter of Edmund Ironside. English influence grew as a result of his exile in England (from 1040) and his marriage (c. 1069) to Margaret, a severe, pious, and domineering woman. He may have married his first wife, Ingibjorg (d. c. 1069), probably the earl of Orkeny's daughter, to gain help against Macbeth, though Malcolm did not secure the throne until Macbeth (1057) and his stepson (1058) were killed. He sought to extend his rule southwards, though not with conspicuous success, and if he encouraged Hardrada's invasion (1066), he miscalculated for it enabled William of Normandy to land unopposed. The Conqueror forced Malcolm to become "his man" (1070), and in the last of his invasions of England (1093) Malcolm and his eldest son by Margaret were killed; his widow died three days later on hearing the news. Malcolm was a benefactor of churches, including Durham; his wife became a saint (1249), her reputation enhanced by her confessor's eulogy. The internal stability and English character of Malcolm's reign are indicated by the succession of this three sons Edgar (1097) and Alexander (1107) (both of whom married daughters of Henry I of England) and David I (1124), after a brief struggle between Malcolm's eldest son, Duncan II (1094) and his younger brother Donald III Bane (1093-1097). In Edgard's time, these southern ways were resented by some, and c. 1098 Magnus Barelegs, king of Norway, reasserted Norwegian sovereignty in the Western Isles (including Iona). ("The Oxford Illustrated History of the British Monarchy", Cannon, John and Ralph Griffiths, Oxford Univ Press: 1988, p 123) Called Canmore (Ceanmohr, or Great-head), King of Scotland, was eldest son of Duncan, who was murdered by Macbeth in 1039. After Duncan's death Malcolm fled for safety to his kinsman, Siward, Danish Earl of Northumberland, and continued to live for many years in England. In 1054 Siward, with the sanction of Edward the Confessor, led an army into Scotland, encountered Macbeth near Dunsinane, defeated him, and left Malcolm in possession. Macbeth retired into the North, and the contest was only ended in 1056, by his defeat and death at Lumphanan. Malcolm remained at peace with England during the reign of Edward the Confessor, but on the accession of Harold he favoured the attempt of Tostig. After the battle of Hastings he welcomed to his court Edgar the Atheling, with his mother and two sisters, and soon married one of them, the Princess Margaret. In 1070 he invaded England, ravaged Durham, and carried off so many prisoners that for years after English slaves were found in every hamlet of Scotland. This raid was avenged by a more savage and destructive devastation of Northumbria by William the Conqueror. Malcolm agreed to do homage, and Edgar left his court, but he continued to give his protection to the English exiles. Disputes arose with William Rufus, and in 1091 Malcolm again invaded England, but retired without fighting. William invaded Scotland the next year, but peace was made by the mediation of Duke Robert and Edgar. In 1093 Malcolm once more made an incursion into England and besieged Alnwick Castle. He was attacked by Roger de Mowbray and killed in the battle, November 13th of that year. His queen, Margaret, heard the tidings, and died three days later. [Internet source: http://cs6400.mcc.ac.uk/genuki/big/royalty/kingscot.html#MalcolmIII]
ANCESTRAL FILE
Ancestral File Ver 4.10 Mar Margaret ?1007/1009, 8XJB-53 Mar Margaret 1067/1069 Atholl Scotland, Ancestral File Ver 4.11 8XJB-53 Born Abt 1033 Atholl Perthshire Scotland Mar 1067/1069 Atholl Perthshire Scotland.
ANCESTRY.COM
World Ancestral Chart No. 10002 Patricia (Downey) Adams
Ancestors of Warren Cash 1760:
Malcolm III Caennmor
Malcolm III was crowned at Scone, ten miles north of what became Cash about a century later. In 1057, MacDuff, 1st Earl of Fife, undoubtedly seated him on the inaugural stone, that ancient symbol of Celtic Kingship used in Eire for centuries, and brought to Scotia with our Dalriadain Scots in 464. From then on, Earls of Fife placed succeeding Kings on the sacred "Stone of Scone", as one of the hereditary privileges granted them in perpetuity by Malcolm III.
Feudalism came into royal favor as a way of life and government under Malcolm III in 1057. It is said that Margaret, his Queen, had favored it and urged him to foster and extend it. Simply, it was mainly the granting of Crown lands to overlords who were loyal to the King, then allowing them to govern their territories so long as they adhered to the Kings policies. In the case of large private holdings, the owner was brought into closer fealty to the King, joined in the councils, perhaps granted the title of Earl.
People would band together around the chief landholder, whether he held possession by Royal Charter, lease, or mere 'sword right'. Thus, the Clans of Scotland were born. The word means 'children' ... clustered about their leader, regarding him as chieftain, defender, counselr and father figure -- Clan MacDuff, Clan MacIntosh, Clan MacCash, etc. Sometimes clan fought clan on matters of boundary or principle. Occasionally an unworthy Chief might be slain and replaced by his Clan. The Kings government was remote and distant; often his occasional emmissaries were not too efficient, or their influence disruptive to local life and custom. Therefore, the Clan system proved ideal by having at hand a local leader who could act in disputes, give counsel, or lead in defense if necessary. This fostered the "Spirit of the Clan"; it developed in the Scotland Highlands a "Clanship" that became a great social force, unlike the tribalism that destroyed itself in so many countries, notably Ireland. The Clans have survived centuries of the invasions of Scotland.
ANCESTRY.COM
World Ancestral Chart No. 10002 Patricia (Downey) Adams Ancestors of Warren Cash 1760.
World Ancestral Chart No.31759 Ancestors of Warren Cash 1760:
The information in this section on Malcolm I up to the time of William Cash of Scotland was found in a book with the personal belongings of Earl F. Downey of Kansas City, Kansas. The name of the book is CASH. The book was compiled by Don Leslie Cash of San Diego, California. Begun 08 May 1973, amended 24 Jan 1976, and completed 10 Mar 1976. None of this information may be reproduced for the purpose of resale without the written permission of the Don Cash family.
Malcolm III was crowned at Scone, ten miles north of what became Cash about a century later. In 1057, MacDuff, 1st Earl of Fife, undoubtedly seated him on the inaugural stone, that ancient symbol of Celtic Kingship used in Eire for centuries, and brought to Scotia with our Dalriadain Scots in 464. From then on, Earls of Fife placed succeeding Kings on the sacred "Stone of Scone", as one of the hereditary privileges granted them in perpetuity by Malcolm III.
Feudalism came into royal favor as a way of life and government under Malcolm III in 1057. It is said that Margaret, his Queen, had favored it and urged him to foster and extend it. Simply, it was mainly the granting of Crown lands to overlords who were loyal to the King, then allowing them to govern their territories so long as they adhered to the Kings policies. In the case of large private holdings, the owner was brought into closer fealty to the King, joined in the councils, perhaps granted the title of Earl.
People would band together around the chief landholder, whether he held possession by Royal Charter, lease, or mere 'sword right'. Thus, the Clans of Scotland were born. The word means 'children' ... clustered about their leader, regarding him as chieftain, defender, counselor and father figure -- Clan MacDonald, Clan MacDuff, Clan MacIntosh, Clan MacCash, etc. Sometimes clan fought clan on matters of boundary or principle. Occasionally an unworthy Chief might be slain and replaced by his Clan. The Kings government was remote and distant; often his occasional emissaries were not too efficient, or their influence disruptive to local life and custom. Therefore, the Clan system proved ideal by having at hand a local leader who could act in disputes, give counsel, or lead in defense if necessary. This fostered the "Spirit of the Clan"; it developed in the Scotland Highlands a "Clanship" that became a great social force, unlike the tribalism that destroyed itself in so many countries, notably Ireland. The Clans have survived centuries of the invasions of Scotland.
Information found on the Internet:
Ever since his Father, Duncan I, had been killed by MacBeth (Shakespeare's MacBeth), Malcolm's objective had been to regain his Father's title and territory. One of his kinsmen, Earl Siward of Northumbria, helped Malcolm in his cause.
Siward invaded Scotland in 1054, driving MacBeth further North and putting Malcolm on the throne of Cumbria. But he failed to topple MacBeth from the throne.
In 1057, MacBeth's major ally, Thorfinn, Earl of Orkney, died, and Malcolm made his move. He killed MacBeth in battle near Elgin. Just months later, in March of 1058, he killed MacBeth's stepson, Lulach, and re-established the MacAlpin dynasty.
Marriage Information:
Malcolm married Princess Ingibjorg Finnsdatter ORKNEY, daughter of Earl Finn Arnesson HALLAND and Bergliot HALFDANSDATTER, about 1059 in Atholl, Perthshire, Scotland. (Princess Ingibjorg Finnsdatter ORKNEY was born about 1021 in Osteraat, Yrje, Norway and died about 1066.)
Marriage Information:
Malcolm also married Queen Saint Margaret Cerdic SCOTLAND, daughter of Prince Edward ENGLAND and Lady Agatha Von Brunswick AUGSBURG, about 1062-1069 in Atholl, Perthshire, Scotland. (Queen Saint Margaret Cerdic SCOTLAND was born about 1043-1045 in , Wessex, England, died on 16 Nov 1093 in Castle, Edinburgh, Mid-Lothian, Scotland and was buried in Dunfermline, Fifeshire, Scotland.)
Lord Duncan Atholl MORMAER
(Abt 949-)
Mrs Mormaer Duncan
(Abt 951-)
Abbot Crinan Mormaer DUNKELD
(Abt 975-1045)
Family Links
Spouses/Children:
Princess Beatrice SCOTLAND
Princess SCOTLAND
Earl Maldred DUNBAR
King Duncan MacCrinan SCOTLAND, I+
Maccrinan
Abbot Crinan Mormaer DUNKELD
Born: Abt 975-995, Atholl, Perthshire, Scotland
Married: Abt 1000-1010, Atholl, Perthshire, Scotland
Died: 1045, Battle, Dunkeld, Perthshire, Scotland
Another name for Crinan was DUNKELD Abbot.
Ancestral File Number: 8HRW-1K. User ID: 605111832.
General Notes:
Lord, Abbot of DUNKELD.
BOOKS
Barber Grandparents: 125 Kings, 143 Generations, Ted Butler Bernard and Gertrude Barber Bernard, 1978, McKinney TX, p85: "365A Beatrice, (D of 355, M of 374); married Crinan `The Throne', Abbott of Dunkeld."
Kings and Queens of Great Britain, Genealogical Chart, Anne Taute and Romilly Squire, Taute, 1990: "Bethoc Mar =1 Crinan Killed in Battle 1045, =2 (2) Sigurd Earl of Orkney Died 1014, =3 Findlaech Macrory Mormaer of Moray Killed 1020."
Encyclopaedia Britannica, 1981, Macropaedia, Vol III, p234, Britain and Ireland History of: "...By 843 the Norse threat helped to weld together the new kingdom of Alba and to cause its heartlands to be located in eastern Scotland, the former Pictland, with Dunkeld becoming its religious capital..."
ANCESTRY.COM
World Ancestral Chart No. 10002 Patricia (Downey) Adams Ancestors of Warren Cash 1760: CRINAN.
World Ancestral Chart No.31759 Ancestors of Warren Cash 1760.
ANCESTRAL FILE
Ancestral File Ver 4.10 Crinan MORMAER, 8HRW-1K Crinan The Thane, and B1DK-BP Orinan DUNKELD Abbot.
Marriage Information:
Crinan married Princess Beatrice SCOTLAND, daughter of King Malcolm Mac Kenneth SCOTLAND, II and Queen Malcolm Mac Kenneth(Ken or Poto) II SCOTLAND, about 1000-1010 in Atholl, Perthshire, Scotland. (Princess Beatrice SCOTLAND was born about 980-984 in Atholl, Perthshire, Scotland and died in , , Scotland.)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Home | Table of Contents | Surnames | Name List
This Web Site was Created 27 Mar 2002 with Legacy 4
King Kenneth SCOTLAND, II
(Abt 930-995)
Queen Kenneth II SCOTLAND
(Abt 936-)
King Malcolm Mac Kenneth SCOTLAND, II
(Abt 953-1033)
Family Links
Spouses/Children:
Queen Malcolm Mac Kenneth II SCOTLAND
Princess Beatrice SCOTLAND+
Princess Donalda SCOTLAND
Princess Anleta Mac Kenneth SCOTLAND+
King Malcolm Mac Kenneth or Ken , from Poto son of King Adelkis
SCOTLAND, II
Born: Abt 953-970, , , Scotland
Died: 25 Nov 1033-1034, Castle, Glamis, Forfarshire, Scotland
Buried: Iona, Argyllshire, Scotland
Other names for Malcolm were Melkolf, SCOTLAND King and ALBA.
Ancestral File Number: 9G83-Q9. User ID: 2420445250.
General Notes:
King of SCOTLAND Reigned 1003/1005-1033/1034.
BOOKS
Kings and Queens of Europe, Genealogical Chart, Anne Taute and Romilly Squire, Taute 1989: "Malcolm II, 1st King of Scotland 1005-1034, Died 1034."
Barber Grandparents: 125 Kings, 143 Generations, Ted Butler Bernard and Gertrude Barber Bernard, 1978, McKinney TX, p84: "355A Malcolm II, King of the Scotts, (S of 341, F of 365)."
Kings andQueens of Great Britain, Genealogical Chart, Anne Taute and Romilly Squire, Taute, 1990: "Malcolm II Son of Kenneth I, King of Scotland 1005-1034, Killed 1034."
Wall Chart of World History, Edward Hull, 1988, Studio Editions, Scotland 1003: "Malcolm II, King of Scotland 1003-1033..."
The Story of Civilization, Will Durant, Vol IV, The Age of Faith, Ch XX, The Rise of the North, Sec IV, Scotland, p501. "In 1018 Malcolm II conquered Lothian (the region north of the Tweed), and merged it with the realm of the Picts and Scots. Celtic supremacy seemed assured; but the Danish invasions of England drove thousands of `English' into south Scotland, and poured a strong Anglo-Saxon element into the Scottish blood."
EncyclopaediaBritannica, 1981, Micropaedia, Vol VI, p529, Malcolm II: "Born Abt 953, Died Abt 1034, King of Scotland."
Macropaedia, Vol III, p234, Britain and Ireland History of: "The Scots confirmed their hold on Lothian, from the Forth to the Tweed, when, about 1016, Malcolm II defeated a Northumbrian army at Carham. About the same time, Malcolm II placed his grandson Duncan I upon the throne of the British kingdom of Strathclyde. Duncan succeeded Malcolm in 1034 and brought Strathclyde into the kingdom of Scots."
INTERNET
Draper Gedcom
http://www.my-ged.com/db/page/draper/01407
Malcolm II., born about 954, died November 25, 1034. He succeeded to the
throne in 1003, and had a troubled reign of about thirty years. He
defeated Kenneth IV., at Monievaird in Strathearn, and in consequence
became king.
His annoyance came from the Danes who, in previous reigns, had made
several attempts to effect a settlement in Scotland, but had been
defeated in all of them. They had secured a firm footing in England, and
the year after Malcolm's accession to the throne, they commenced the most
formidable preparations, under their celebrated king, Sweyn, for a new
expedition to the Scottish coasts.
Malcolm finally defeated this initial invasion in 1010. There was a
second attempt made to gain a foothold in Northern England, but it too
was defeated.
In 1014, another Danish force landed on the coast of Buchan. The Danes
on this occasion were led by Sweyn's celebrated son, Canute, afterwards
King of England and Denmark, and again they experienced a signal
overthrow. A treaty was drawn up which stipulated that the Danes agreed
to quit every part of the Scottish coasts, and this was followed by the
final departure, the same year, of these invaders from Scotland.
Malcolm was next engaged in war with the Northumbrians, and, having in
1018, led his army to Carham, near Werk, on the south bank of the Tweed
River, he was met there by Uchtred, Earl of Northumberland, when a
desperate battle took place. The victory was claimed by Uchtred, who
was, soon after, assassinated, when on his way to pay his obeisance to
the great Canute.
He killed Kenneth III., son of Dub. He had no sons.
Having succeeded as King of Alba in 1005, Malcolm II. secured Lothian by
the battle of Carham about 1016 and about the same time obtained
Strathclyde for his grandson, Duncan, thus forming the kingdom of
Scotland.
("The Genealogy of Homer Beers James", V1, JANDA Consultants, © 1993
Homer James)
The son of Kenneth II (d. 995), who may have designated him as his heir,
Malcolm became king after killing Kenneth III (1005). His reputation
rests on his extension of his kingdom's frontiers south to the
Tweed-Solway line. Though repulsed at Durham (1006), he defeated a
Northumbrian army at Carham (1018) and asserted his claim to Lothian. In
the west, he had the alliance of Strathelye and when the last king died,
Malcolm secured the succession of his grandson, Duncan.
These conquests were recognized by English kings, though in return for
Malcolm's submission to Cnut when the latter marched as far as the Tay
(1031). The marriage of his daughter to Sigurd the Stout, Norse earl of
Orkney, took his influence even to the far north.
("The Oxford Illustrated History of the British Monarchy", Cannon, John
and Ralph Griffiths, Oxford Univ Press: 1988, p 88)
ANCESTRY.COM
World Ancestral Chart No. 10002 Patricia (Downey) Adams
Ancestors of Warren Cash 1760: Malcolm II of ALBA Died 25 Nov 1034 Glamis Castle Argus Scotland.
ANCESTRAL FILE
Ancestral File Ver 4.10 9G83-Q9 Died Glammys, Ver 4.19 Born Abt 970 Scotland, Died 25 Nov 1034 Glamis Forfarshire Scotland, Buried Iona Argyllshire Scotland.
Marriage Information:
Malcolm married Queen Malcolm Mac Kenneth II SCOTLAND, daughter of Sigurd. (Queen Malcolm Mac Kenneth II SCOTLAND was born about 962 in , , Scotland.)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Home | Table of Contents | Surnames | Name List
Abbot Crinan Mormaer DUNKELD
(Abt 975-1045)
Princess Beatrice SCOTLAND
(Abt 980-)
Prince Boedhe SCOTLAND
(Abt 990-)
Bernicia AEFFLAED
(Abt 994-)
King Duncan MacCrinan SCOTLAND, I
(Abt 1001-1040)
Queen Sibyl Fitz Siward Northumberland SCOTLAND
(Abt 1003-1040)
King Malcolm Canmore SCOTLAND, III
(Abt 1031-1093)
Family Links
Spouses/Children:
1. Princess Ingibjorg Finnsdatter ORKNEY
King Duncan SCOTLAND, II+
Prince SCOTLAND
Prince SCOTLAND
2. Queen Saint Margaret Cerdic SCOTLAND
Prince Edward SCOTLAND
King Edmund SCOTLAND, I
Prince Ethelred SCOTLAND
King Edgar SCOTLAND
Prince SCOTLAND
Prince SCOTLAND
King Alexander SCOTLAND, I
Queen Matilda Edith Scotland ENGLAND+
King David Huntingdon SCOTLAND, I+
Countess Mary Scotland BOULOGNE+
King Malcolm Canmore SCOTLAND, III
Born: Abt 1031-1033, Atholl, Perthshire, Scotland
Married (1): Abt 1059, Atholl, Perthshire, Scotland
Married (2): Abt 1062-1069, Atholl, Perthshire, Scotland
Died: 13 Nov 1093, Castle, Alnwick, Northumberland, England
Buried: Church, Holy Trinity, Dunfermline, Fifeshire, Scotland
Cause of his death was Killed At War.
Other names for Malcolm were "The Big Head", "Ceannmor", Eadgyth, Maud, SCOTLAND King and "Canmore".
Ancestral File Number: 8XJB-53. User ID: 151277958/302555656.
General Notes:
"Canmore" or "Ceannmor" or "The Big Head", King of SCOTLAND Reigned 1057/
1058-1093, Killed KQGB.
BOOKS
Robert the Bruce King of Scots, Ronald McNair Scott, Carroll & Graf Publishers Inc, New York, 1982.
p3: "For over two hundred years, since Birnam Wood came to Dunsinane and the forces of Malcolm III had defeated and slain Macbeth, the House of Canmore had been the rulers of Scotland. During the reigns of eight succeeding kings of that blood, by conquest or by treaty, the realm had been enlarged so that when Alexander wed Yolande she became the queen of a kingdom which differed little in extent from the Scotland of the present day..."
Barber Grandparents: 125 Kings, 143 Generations, Ted Butler Bernard and Gertrude Barber Bernard, 1978, McKinney TX, p89: "397A Malcolm III, King of Scotland, (S of 374, F of 407); (The genealogy of Malcolm III goes back through the A's to Adam and Eve which is a part of the Ann Gorsuch genealogy as explained in the introduction to Chapter II. This Gorsuch branch is discontinued here, but ties in with Malcolm's wife, Margaret, which is continued as a part of the Barber genealogy.)"
Kings and Queens of Europe, Genealogical Chart, Anne Taute and Romilly Squire, Taute 1989: "Malcolm III Ceannmor, Son of Duncan I and Sybil, King of Scotland 1058-1093, Mar =1 (?2) Ingeborg Orkney, =2 Margaret Sister of Edward Atheling Died 1093, Died 1093."
Kings and Queens of Great Britain, Genealogical Chart, Anne Taute and Romilly Squire, Taute, 1990: "Malcolm III Ceannore (Bighead) King of Scotland 1058- 1093, Son of Duncan I and Aelflaed, Mar =1 (?3) Ingibiorg (?Gruoch) widow of Thorfinn Earl of Orkney, =2 St Margaret Daughter of Edgar the Exile, Killed 1093 ...St Margaret Mar = (2) Malcolm III King of Scotland."
The Political History of England, Vol II, George Burton Adams Longmans Green and Co, 1905, Ch I, p31:
"...Early in the summer of 1068 the army began its march upon York, advancing along a line somewhat to the west of the centre of England, as the situation would naturally demand. As in William's earlier marches, so here again he encountered no resistance. Whatever may have been the extent of the conspiracy or the plans of the leaders, the entire movement collapsed before the Norman's firm dietermination to be master of the kingdom. Edwin and Morcar had collected an army andwre in the field somewhere between Warwick and Northampton, but when the time came when the fight could no longer be postponed, they thought better of it, besought the king's favour again, and obtained at least the show of it...
"The present expedition went no further north, but its influence extended further. Ethelwin, the Bishop of Durham, came in and made his submission. He bore inquires also from Malcolm, the king of Scots, who had been listening to the appeals for aid fromthe enemies of William, and preparing himself to advance to their assistance. The Bishop of Durham was sent back to let him know what assurances would be acceptable to William, and he undoubtedly also informed him of the actual state of affairssouth of his borders, of the progress which the invader had made, and of the hopelessness of resistance. The Normans at any rate believed that as a result of the bishop's mission Malcolm was gald to send down an embassy of his own which tendered to William an oath of obedience. It is not likely that William attached much weight to any profession of the Scottish king's. Already, probably as soon as the failure of this northern undertaking was apparent, some of the most prominent of the English, who seem to have taken part in it, had abandoned England and gone to the Scottish court. It is very possible that Edgar and his two sisters, Margaret and Christina, sought the protection of Malcolm at this time...These men had earlier submitted to William...and had been received with favour. Under what circumstances they turned against him we do not know, but they had very likely attracted by the promise of strength in this effort at resistance, and were now less inclinedthan the unstable Edwin to profess so early a repentance. Margaret, whether she went to Scotland at this time or a little later, found there a permanent home, consenting against her will to become the bride of Malcolm instead of the bride of the Church as she had wished. As queen she gained, through teaching her wild subjects, bu the example of gentle manners and noble life, a wider mission than the convent could have furnished her. The conditions which Malcolm accepted evidently contained no demand as to any English fugitives, nor any other to which he could seriously object. William was usually able to discern the times, and did not attempt the impracticable."
p90: [1093] "...On his return to Scotland he immediately took arms, and again invaded Northumberland. This, however, was destined to be the last of his incursions, for he was killed, together with his eldest son, Edward, near Alnwick, on the eastern coast. The news of the death of her husband andson at once proved fatal to Queen Margaret..."
Wall Chart of World History, Edward Hull, 1988, Studio Editions, Scotland, 1057: "Malcolm III, King of Scotland 1057-1093, "The Big Head", Son of Duncan, Killed..."
The Story of Civilization, Will Durant, Vol IV, The Age of Faith, Bk V, The Climax of Christianity, Ch XXV, The Recovery of Europe, Sec IX, Scotland, p683: "Malcolm III (1058-1093) was a warrior who repeatedly invaded England..."
Enclyclopaedia Britannica, 1981, Micropaedia, Vol VI, p529, Malcolm III Canmore: "Born Abt 1031, Died 13 Nov 1093 near Alnwick Northumberland, King of Scotland from 1058-1093, founder of the dynasty that consolidated royal power in the Scottish kingdom. The son of King Duncan I (ruled 1034-1040), he lived in exile in England during part of the reign of his father's murderer, Macbeth (ruled 1040-1057). Malcolm killed Macbeth in battle in 1057 and then ascended the throne. After the conquest of England by William, Duke of Normandy, in 1066, Malcolm gave refuge to the Anglo-Saxon Prince Edgar the Aetheling and his sisters, one of whom, Margaret (later Saint Margaret), became his second wife."
"Malcolm acknowledged the overlordship of William in 1072 but nevertheless soon violated his feudal obligations and made five raids into England. During the last of these invasions he was killed by the forces of King William II Rufus (ruled 1087-1100). Except for a brief interval after Malcolm's death, the Scottish throne remained in his family until the death of Queen Margaret, the Maid of Norway, in 1290. Of Malcolm's six sons by Margaret, three succeeded to the throne: Edgar (ruled 1097-1107), Alexander I (1107-1124), and David I (1124-1153)."
The New Columbia Encyclopedia, 1975, p2455, Scotland: "Under Malcolm III, who married St Margaret of Scotland (an English princess), there began a reorganization of the Scottish church and a gradual Anglicization of the Lowland peoples. Malcolm invaded England after rejecting the claim of William II of England to sovereignity over Scotland, but peace followed the marriage of Malcolm's daughter to Henry I of England and allowed the process of feudalization in Scotland to continue. Althoughthe clan system, based on blood relationships and personal loyalty to a chieftain survived in the Highlands, feudal property laws were generally adopted in the Lowlands in the 11th and 12th centuries..."
p1672, Malcolm III: "(Malcolm Canmore), died 1093, King of Scotland (1057-1093), son of Duncan I; successor to MacBeth (Died 1057). It took him some years after Bacbeth's death to regain the boundaries of his father's kingdom. About 1068, Edgar Atheling, pretender to the English throne, took refuge with Malcolm, who soon married Edgar's sister Margaret (Saint, of Scotland). On behalf of Edgar, Malcolm invaded N England, but in 1072, William I of England invaded Scotland, and Malcolm made peace with him. In the reign of William II, Edgar joined Malcolm in his raid into England in 1091, but William forced both men to submit and to do homage. Malcolm was killed at Alnwick on still another raid into England. His frequent wars insured the independence of his kingdom, which made possible the great ecclisiastical reorganization initiated by his wife, Margaret. Malcolm was succeeded by his brother Donald Bane, but later three of Malcolm's sons were kings of Scotland- Edgar (reigned 1097-1107), Alexander I,and David I. Malcolm's daughter Edith (renamed Matilda) married Henry I of England, and another daughter was mother to the wife of King Stephen of England."
From Alfred to Henry III 871-1272, Christopher Brooke, 1961, Norton Library History ofEngland, p197-198: "The most widely known event in Scottish history before the late thirteenth century is the destruction of Macbeth and the accession of Malcolm III. These events have been wonderfully telescoped in Shakespeare's play- old Siward's victory took place in 1054, Macbeth held out until 1057, and not until 1058 was Malcolm hailed as King of Scotland. Our serious knowledge of Scottish history, the story of Normand infiltration and the effective unity of the Scottish kingdom all date from the accession of Malcom `Canmore' (`big head') in 1058. There had been a long preparation for this unity. By the tenth century most of northern and western Scotland was subject to the kings of the Scots and of Strathclyde. Fora brief while King Edmund united the two kingdoms. More significant, in the late tenth or early eleventh century the English lands between the Forth and the Tweed, then known as the Lothian, became part of the Scottish kingdom...The attachmentof a new province, reasonably prosperous and closely allied in culture and institutions to the English kingdom, permanently shifted the centres of power in Scotland and ultimately changed the character of the kingdom. Lothian provided a base such as the Welsh princes never possessed.
"Lothian finally joined Scotland in 1018, in the reign of Malcolm II, who also won Strathclyde for his grandson, Shakespeare's Duncan, first king of all Scotland. But the dynasty and the union wereboth insecure before the accession of Malcolm III. Malcolm himself had the idea then traditional among Scottish rulers, that their profession was to raid England; but the Norman Conquest of England had the effect of filling the Scottish court with distinguished English leaders, the greatest of whom was Malcom's second wife, Margaret, sister of Edgar the Aetheling, better known as St Margaret of Scotland..."
INTERNET
Draper Gedcom
http://www.my-ged.com/db/page/draper/01298
Malcolm III., grandson of Malcolm II., King of Scotland, called Canmore (Caen Mor, or great head) because of the large size of his head, was born in 1024, before his father was called to the throne, and he became king at the time of his victory over Macbeth in 1039, remaining so until his death in 1093. He was buried at Icelmkill. He married about 1059 (1) Ingibiorg, and about 1069 (2) Margaret (St. Margaret), daughter of Edward the Exile (Etheling). ("The Genealogy of Homer Beers James", V1, JANDA Consultants, © 1993 Homer James) The eldest son of Duncan I, Malcolm is best known for his role in Shakespeare's "Macbeth" and in the hagiography of his wife, Margaret of England, granddaughter of Edmund Ironside. English influence grew as a result of his exile in England (from 1040) and his marriage (c. 1069) to Margaret, a severe, pious, and domineering woman. He may have married his first wife, Ingibjorg (d. c. 1069), probably the earl of Orkeny's daughter, to gain help against Macbeth, though Malcolm did not secure the throne until Macbeth (1057) and his stepson (1058) were killed. He sought to extend his rule southwards, though not with conspicuous success, and if he encouraged Hardrada's invasion (1066), he miscalculated for it enabled William of Normandy to land unopposed. The Conqueror forced Malcolm to become "his man" (1070), and in the last of his invasions of England (1093) Malcolm and his eldest son by Margaret were killed; his widow died three days later on hearing the news. Malcolm was a benefactor of churches, including Durham; his wife became a saint (1249), her reputation enhanced by her confessor's eulogy. The internal stability and English character of Malcolm's reign are indicated by the succession of this three sons Edgar (1097) and Alexander (1107) (both of whom married daughters of Henry I of England) and David I (1124), after a brief struggle between Malcolm's eldest son, Duncan II (1094) and his younger brother Donald III Bane (1093-1097). In Edgard's time, these southern ways were resented by some, and c. 1098 Magnus Barelegs, king of Norway, reasserted Norwegian sovereignty in the Western Isles (including Iona). ("The Oxford Illustrated History of the British Monarchy", Cannon, John and Ralph Griffiths, Oxford Univ Press: 1988, p 123) Called Canmore (Ceanmohr, or Great-head), King of Scotland, was eldest son of Duncan, who was murdered by Macbeth in 1039. After Duncan's death Malcolm fled for safety to his kinsman, Siward, Danish Earl of Northumberland, and continued to live for many years in England. In 1054 Siward, with the sanction of Edward the Confessor, led an army into Scotland, encountered Macbeth near Dunsinane, defeated him, and left Malcolm in possession. Macbeth retired into the North, and the contest was only ended in 1056, by his defeat and death at Lumphanan. Malcolm remained at peace with England during the reign of Edward the Confessor, but on the accession of Harold he favoured the attempt of Tostig. After the battle of Hastings he welcomed to his court Edgar the Atheling, with his mother and two sisters, and soon married one of them, the Princess Margaret. In 1070 he invaded England, ravaged Durham, and carried off so many prisoners that for years after English slaves were found in every hamlet of Scotland. This raid was avenged by a more savage and destructive devastation of Northumbria by William the Conqueror. Malcolm agreed to do homage, and Edgar left his court, but he continued to give his protection to the English exiles. Disputes arose with William Rufus, and in 1091 Malcolm again invaded England, but retired without fighting. William invaded Scotland the next year, but peace was made by the mediation of Duke Robert and Edgar. In 1093 Malcolm once more made an incursion into England and besieged Alnwick Castle. He was attacked by Roger de Mowbray and killed in the battle, November 13th of that year. His queen, Margaret, heard the tidings, and died three days later. [Internet source: http://cs6400.mcc.ac.uk/genuki/big/royalty/kingscot.html#MalcolmIII]
ANCESTRAL FILE
Ancestral File Ver 4.10 Mar Margaret ?1007/1009, 8XJB-53 Mar Margaret 1067/1069 Atholl Scotland, Ancestral File Ver 4.11 8XJB-53 Born Abt 1033 Atholl Perthshire Scotland Mar 1067/1069 Atholl Perthshire Scotland.
ANCESTRY.COM
World Ancestral Chart No. 10002 Patricia (Downey) Adams
Ancestors of Warren Cash 1760:
Malcolm III Caennmor
Malcolm III was crowned at Scone, ten miles north of what became Cash about a century later. In 1057, MacDuff, 1st Earl of Fife, undoubtedly seated him on the inaugural stone, that ancient symbol of Celtic Kingship used in Eire for centuries, and brought to Scotia with our Dalriadain Scots in 464. From then on, Earls of Fife placed succeeding Kings on the sacred "Stone of Scone", as one of the hereditary privileges granted them in perpetuity by Malcolm III.
Feudalism came into royal favor as a way of life and government under Malcolm III in 1057. It is said that Margaret, his Queen, had favored it and urged him to foster and extend it. Simply, it was mainly the granting of Crown lands to overlords who were loyal to the King, then allowing them to govern their territories so long as they adhered to the Kings policies. In the case of large private holdings, the owner was brought into closer fealty to the King, joined in the councils, perhaps granted the title of Earl.
People would band together around the chief landholder, whether he held possession by Royal Charter, lease, or mere 'sword right'. Thus, the Clans of Scotland were born. The word means 'children' ... clustered about their leader, regarding him as chieftain, defender, counselr and father figure -- Clan MacDuff, Clan MacIntosh, Clan MacCash, etc. Sometimes clan fought clan on matters of boundary or principle. Occasionally an unworthy Chief might be slain and replaced by his Clan. The Kings government was remote and distant; often his occasional emmissaries were not too efficient, or their influence disruptive to local life and custom. Therefore, the Clan system proved ideal by having at hand a local leader who could act in disputes, give counsel, or lead in defense if necessary. This fostered the "Spirit of the Clan"; it developed in the Scotland Highlands a "Clanship" that became a great social force, unlike the tribalism that destroyed itself in so many countries, notably Ireland. The Clans have survived centuries of the invasions of Scotland.
ANCESTRY.COM
World Ancestral Chart No. 10002 Patricia (Downey) Adams Ancestors of Warren Cash 1760.
World Ancestral Chart No.31759 Ancestors of Warren Cash 1760:
The information in this section on Malcolm I up to the time of William Cash of Scotland was found in a book with the personal belongings of Earl F. Downey of Kansas City, Kansas. The name of the book is CASH. The book was compiled by Don Leslie Cash of San Diego, California. Begun 08 May 1973, amended 24 Jan 1976, and completed 10 Mar 1976. None of this information may be reproduced for the purpose of resale without the written permission of the Don Cash family.
Malcolm III was crowned at Scone, ten miles north of what became Cash about a century later. In 1057, MacDuff, 1st Earl of Fife, undoubtedly seated him on the inaugural stone, that ancient symbol of Celtic Kingship used in Eire for centuries, and brought to Scotia with our Dalriadain Scots in 464. From then on, Earls of Fife placed succeeding Kings on the sacred "Stone of Scone", as one of the hereditary privileges granted them in perpetuity by Malcolm III.
Feudalism came into royal favor as a way of life and government under Malcolm III in 1057. It is said that Margaret, his Queen, had favored it and urged him to foster and extend it. Simply, it was mainly the granting of Crown lands to overlords who were loyal to the King, then allowing them to govern their territories so long as they adhered to the Kings policies. In the case of large private holdings, the owner was brought into closer fealty to the King, joined in the councils, perhaps granted the title of Earl.
People would band together around the chief landholder, whether he held possession by Royal Charter, lease, or mere 'sword right'. Thus, the Clans of Scotland were born. The word means 'children' ... clustered about their leader, regarding him as chieftain, defender, counselor and father figure -- Clan MacDonald, Clan MacDuff, Clan MacIntosh, Clan MacCash, etc. Sometimes clan fought clan on matters of boundary or principle. Occasionally an unworthy Chief might be slain and replaced by his Clan. The Kings government was remote and distant; often his occasional emissaries were not too efficient, or their influence disruptive to local life and custom. Therefore, the Clan system proved ideal by having at hand a local leader who could act in disputes, give counsel, or lead in defense if necessary. This fostered the "Spirit of the Clan"; it developed in the Scotland Highlands a "Clanship" that became a great social force, unlike the tribalism that destroyed itself in so many countries, notably Ireland. The Clans have survived centuries of the invasions of Scotland.
Information found on the Internet:
Ever since his Father, Duncan I, had been killed by MacBeth (Shakespeare's MacBeth), Malcolm's objective had been to regain his Father's title and territory. One of his kinsmen, Earl Siward of Northumbria, helped Malcolm in his cause.
Siward invaded Scotland in 1054, driving MacBeth further North and putting Malcolm on the throne of Cumbria. But he failed to topple MacBeth from the throne.
In 1057, MacBeth's major ally, Thorfinn, Earl of Orkney, died, and Malcolm made his move. He killed MacBeth in battle near Elgin. Just months later, in March of 1058, he killed MacBeth's stepson, Lulach, and re-established the MacAlpin dynasty.
Marriage Information:
Malcolm married Princess Ingibjorg Finnsdatter ORKNEY, daughter of Earl Finn Arnesson HALLAND and Bergliot HALFDANSDATTER, about 1059 in Atholl, Perthshire, Scotland. (Princess Ingibjorg Finnsdatter ORKNEY was born about 1021 in Osteraat, Yrje, Norway and died about 1066.)
Marriage Information:
Malcolm also married Queen Saint Margaret Cerdic SCOTLAND, daughter of Prince Edward ENGLAND and Lady Agatha Von Brunswick AUGSBURG, about 1062-1069 in Atholl, Perthshire, Scotland. (Queen Saint Margaret Cerdic SCOTLAND was born about 1043-1045 in , Wessex, England, died on 16 Nov 1093 in Castle, Edinburgh, Mid-Lothian, Scotland and was buried in Dunfermline, Fifeshire, Scotland.)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Home | Table of Contents | Surnames | Name List
This Web Site was Created 27 Mar 2002 with Legacy 4.0 from Millennia
Home
English Royalty
Scottish Royalty
Links
Add to Favourites
Email This Page
Contact Information
British Royalty
Mercian Kings
Offa
Saxon Kings
Egbert
Ethelwulf
Ethelbald
Ethelbert
Ethelred
Alfred the Great
Edward the Elder
Athelstan
Edmund I
Edred
Edwy
Edgar
Edward the Martyr
Aethelred the Unready
Edmund II Ironside
Edward the Confessor
Harold II
Edgar the Atheling
Danish Kings
Sweyn
King Canute
Harold Harefoot
Hardicanute
Norman Kings
William I
William II
Henry I
Stephen and Matilda
Plantagenets
Henry II
Richard I
John
Henry III
Edward I
Edward II
Edward III
Richard II
House of Lancaster
Henry IV
Henry V
Henry VI
House of York
Edward IV
Edward V
Richard III
The Tudor Royalty
Henry VII
Henry VIII
Edward VI
Mary I
Elizabeth I
The Stuarts Royalty
James I
Charles I
Charles II
James II
William and Mary
Anne
The Hanoverians Royalty
George I
George II
George III
George IV
William IV
Victoria
Edward VII
The House of Windsor
George V
Edward VIII
George VI
Elizabeth II
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
© 2003-04 Royalty.info - Copyright Notice - A service provided by the HumourHub.com network
General Sites agonys.com anagrams.net boredstupid.com cheekies.com christmasjokes.co.uk excuses.co.uk funnyfiction.com gross-jokes.com insults.net irishjokes.co.uk jokedictionary.com lightbulbjokes.com P.L.O.D.S.com russian-jokes.com sneer.net untruths.co.uk urbanmyths.info welshjokes.com worstjokes.com carparks.info national-parks.biz rate.co.uk royalty.info Sports Sites baseballhumor.com cricketjokes.com david-beckham.net footballjokes.co.uk golfjokes.co.uk rugbyjokes.co.uk soccerjokes.com sportsjokes.co.uk sports-quotes.com Kids Sites animaljokes.co.uk dogjokes.co.uk elephantjokes.co.uk kidsjokes.co.uk scatty.com schooljokes.com scruffies.com travelgames.co.uk
Home
English Royalty
Scottish Royalty
Links
Add to Favourites
Email This Page
Contact Information
Edmund II Ironside - 1016
Edmund II, also known as Edmund Ironside was the son of Ethelred 'The Unready' and his first wife, Elfgifu. He made himself ruler in the Danelaw, independent of his father, and was crowned at Old St Paul's Cathedral, London.
Struggling against the Danes, he fought four battles, won three, but then was let down bythe Mercians and had to partition the country, sharing it with the Danish King Canute, son of Sweyn Forkbeard. Edmund died soon after, on 30 November 1016, probably murdered; he was buried in Glastonbury Abbey. So the throne was left entirely to the Danes, led by King Canute. Edmund's two sons, by his wife Eadgyth, were but infants and were banished.
Famous Scots
- Malcolm Canmore (King Malcolm III) (1031-1093)
Malcolm "Canmore" ('ceann' means head or chief and 'mor' means great) was the son of King Duncan I and went into exile in Northumberland when his father was killed by Macbeth (in 1040 in Forres, Morayshire). With the support of the English King, Edward the Confessor, and his uncle Earl Siward of Northumbria, he defeated and killed Macbeth at Lumphanan in Aberdeenshire in 1057. Lulach, Macbeth's stepson, took over the throne but Malcolm killed him also in the following year.
Malcolm founded the dynasty of the House of Canmore which lasted 200 years until the House of Stewart. By his first marriage to Ingebjørg he had two sons, Duncan II (who became king after Malcolm) and Donald. Ingebjørg was thee daughter of the norwegian earl Finn Arnesson at Austrått in Trøndelag. Her mother's father was a brother of the norwegian kings St. Olav (Olav Haraldsson) and Harald Hardråde (Harold Hardrada).
Following Ingebjørg's death, around 1069, he married Margaret, the sister of Edgar Atheling. Edgar would have become King of England if William the Conqueror from Normandy had not over-run the country. By this marriage there were six sons, three of whom (Edgar, Alexander and David) would become king.
Margaret introduced English customs and language into the Scottish court and church procedures but she never learned Gaelic, which was spoken by a substantial number of Scots at that time. Her son, King David I, built a small church within Edinburgh Castle dedicated to her memory. St Margaret's Chapel (pictured here) is now the oldest building in the castle.
The large number of English exiles who had gathered in the court and raids by Malcolm into Northumbria and Cumbria became a concern to the English King William who marched north. Malcolm was forced to submit and sign the Treaty of Abernethy in 1071 and agree to his son Duncan becoming a hostage in England.
Even so, Malcolm made two more raids into England in 1079 and 1091, and again he lost and had to submit to the English king. After the English had driven out the Scots from their hold on Cumbria, Malcolm led a final incursion in 1093. This led to his defeat and death at Alnwick. His son and heir Edward died in the same battle and Queen Margaret died in Edinburgh Castle, four days later. Margaret was later canonised for her patronage of the church.
Return to the Index of Famous Scots
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Where else would you like to go in Scotland?
http://www.federicostupormundi.it/kathrinhohenstaufen.htm
Diffida dall' Uso improprio nome Hohenstaufen
da parte di falsi discendenti di Federico II,sconosciuti e terzi che millantano di discendere da Federico II.
Diffida e querela dall'abuso
del cognome Hohenstaufen , di nome marchi e stemmi registrati del Casato Hohenstaufen, vitale nella dinastia Buren Anjou Hohenstaufen Plantagenet Avril de Saint Genis Burey Anjou Puoti Comneno Canmore -Aprile von Hohenstaufen Puoti-Macedonio Veruli von Saxen Coburgo Gotha .
ARMES DES LA MAISON IMPERIALE
APRILIS von HOHENSTAUFEN GRIFFON DE LANSLEBOURG
- opera n 428 e n 462 dell'Artista Araldico Storico
Prof. Gabriele Reina dei Conti Sivelli Smania Bonoris-
A PROPOSITO DEI FALSI DISCENDENTI DEGLI ANTIOCHIA
-CLICK HERE-
Titoli, Ranghi ed onoreficenze concessi da ignoti o sedicenti Re di Svevia a nome della Hohenstaufen House non sono in alcun modo validi nè ratificati dai legittimi discendenti di Federico II ed Isabella d'Inghilterra.
Fatta salva ogni riserva , si fa presente che sono pervenute numerose segnalazioni alla Fondazione Federico II in merito all'uso improprio di stemmi e marchi registrati dall'Hohenstaufen House, (ivi incluso il logo "Cavalieri di Federico " registrato nel 92 a Bruxelles), da parte di uno sconosciuto e clonato "Ordine di Acireale".
Tale "Ordine" effettivamente ha pubblicato in modo improprio lo stemma personale della Principessa Yasmin Aprile von Hohenstaufen, frutto di rielaborazione dell'artista Araldico Gabriele Reina, opera n 428 ed opera 461 con dedica autografa del 1992 < queste sono le armi della Grande Principessa Yasmin Aprile von Hohenstaufen Puoti Hohenzollern Yusupov. Con tutta la mia amicizia, rispettosamente Gabriele Reina, con i migliori auguri di Buon Compleanno 15.06.92.
Tale arma non è presente negli armoriali inquanto libero rifacimento che stigmatizza solo la discendenza del ramo Hohenstaufen Plantagenet, ossia Avril de Burey d'Anjou, detti anche Aprilis Griffon de Lanslebourg von Hohenstaufen, specificato del resto dall'Aquila des Avril e dal Grifone, Arma avita del figlio di Federico ed Isabella d'Inghilterra. Peraltro lo stesso araldista riporta in carattere dorato sotto lo stesso stemma:< Armes de la Maison Imperiale Aprilis von Hohenstaufen Griffon de Lanslebourg>.
vedi anche www.legasud.it/federicosecondo.htm
Pertanto non si capisce a che titolo tale Ordine che usa in modo indebito la dicitura "Cavalieri di Federico", possa usare uno stemma Originale della Principessa, anche autrice del Marchio Cavalieri di Federico come riportato dalla Gazzetta del Mezzogiorno 28.12.02- Saracinesco (Roma), ove la Principessa ha investito i consiglieri comunali di Saracinesco del Rango di Cavalieri di Federico II, per alti meriti.
Alla luce di riferite informazioni apparse su alcuni Blogg, risulterebbe inoltre che alcuni giornalisti siano in possesso di prove aliunde da cui emergerebbe che il Sig. Coco avrebbe millantato di essere stato investito di Titolo nobiliare dalla Principessa la quale non lo conosce e non sa chi sia. Non solo, ma Coco avrebbe affermato che, alle contestazioni poste dai potenziali acquirenti, (che esprimevano perplessità sulla genealogia del personaggio di Poggibonsi, non riconosciuto discendente di Federico Barbarossa, che ha varato illegittimamente tale Ordine, confermato nullo anche dalla Presidenza del Consiglio e dal Ministero degli Esteri), egli per rassicurarli avrebbe replicato che sono titoli ratificati dalla Legittima erede Principessa Yasmin che non solo li avrebbe ratificati ma sarebbe loro Ambasciatrice in Inghilterra: cosa assolutamente falsa ed assurda.
La Principessa non ha mai venduto titoli nè cavalierati nè autorizzato terzi a farlo, si formula pertanto diffida finalizzata alla rimozione del Marchio, stemma e logo "Cavalieri di FedericoII " dal sito http://www.cavalierifederico.it/taormina.htm
Nel ribadire che i Vicari Imperiali di SAIR Principessa Yasmin non hanno mai avuto , ne' hanno, alcuna facolta' di ratificare titoli o ranghi, si denuncia chiunque abbia avallato mistificazioni, millantato credito, pirateria, truffa, falso in associazione a delinquere, usando in modo improprio il nome della Principessa e delle Istituzioni da Ella presiedute.
Si ribadisce altresi' diffida all'uso indebito da parte di ignoti del cognome Hohenstaufen, marchio registrato dal 92/96,se esso non appare esplicitamente in estratti di nascita, documenti anamnestici ufficiali.
Si fa presente altresi' che solo La legittima Dinastia Aprile von Hohenstaufen Puoti o Avril de Burey Anjou Puoti di Heristal Hohenstaufen Plantagenet Hohenzollern Veruli ha diritto di Fregiarsi del Cognome Hohenstaufen -Hauteville e dei ranghi di Re di Gerusalemme ,di Antiochia, di Sicilia, Germania, Italia, Gerusalemme , Franconia.
Legittimo discendente ed erede di tali ranghi fu Carlotto Enrico detto Otto che morendo li trasmise al fratello Federico detto appunto, nei prologhi del Testamento, Re di Sicilia .
Non esistono , ne' sono riconosciuti dal Corpus Saecularim Principum di Worms e dal Gotha von Saxen Coburgo di King Alaric Veruli von Anania Gothard altri Hohenstaufen ed Altavilla, oltre la Dinastia Aprile von Hohenstaufen Puoti!
Quelli che notoriamente si spacciano per discendenti di Federico II sono notoriamente figure grottesche che animano il Trash del Falso Gotha!
Cancelleria
Principe
Arch . Alaric Veruli von Saxen Coburgo Gotha
(vedi Genealogie di Goering sui motori di ricerca)
UFFICIO LEGALE E COMUNICAZIONE
HERALDRY DEPARTMENT
Nelle agenzie stampe e' stato pubblicata la seguente diffida:
Si fa presente che le Fondazioni Federico II non riconosce assolutamente discendente degli Altavilla o degli Hohenstaufen i Sigg
Calabria Francesco,adottato da un falso Principe di nome Caspis che non e' assolutamente discendente di Barbarossa, ne' un Kasper , comunque estraneo al Barbarossa, ne' Cilento madre dello stesso, semplice omonima dei Cilento Altavilla, come da manipolazione dati genealogici emersi e denunciati dai genealogisti dal volume di Pelliccioni di Poli "Tre falsi Re di Svevia. ed Pamom-"La data e' stata alterata e cosi' la pergamena .
Non riconosce
il Signor Barbaccia Paolo discendente degli Antiochia. Anche se fosse un Antiochia. erano costoro semplici conti di Abruzzo e vicari temporanei, in quanto illegittimi.I Barbaccia, non sono svevi o antiocheni, erano artigiani berberi vissuti a Godrano, in epoca precedente agli svevi. Il loro nome e' un riduttivo per indicare, Malerba, malaradice ,ossia marginali, erano infatti dediti alla pulizia delle fogne e ai lavori piu' umili.I Bartolomeo di Messina preesistevano agli svevi e confondere un Bartolomeo Barbazzi, detto Barbaccio per la sua barba non significa essere discendente del Barbarossa.I Barbazzi di Bologna che diedero il nome al viale Barberia sono una colonia berbera che annovera un diploma per alti meriti di un loro esponente, ma non sono principi di Antiochia. L'Assemblaggio di notizie confuse evocative sono mere macchinazioni per manipolare forzatamente la storia. Il Bartolomeo Antiochia era un vescovo e non ha generato il ramo Barbazzi.Idem per il cognome Viscardi,che Barbaccia in extremis tira fuori dal ramo di una nonna.Viscardi e' cognome molto diffuso in Italia che forzatamente Barbaccia vuole indicare quale Altavilla. Guiscardo si traduce Viscardo , ma e' un aggettivo , significa temerario, furbo, ed e' rivolto a individui diversi. Il cognome del casato normanno era Hauteville ,il nome avito Alfen -in Italiano Altavilla. Per inciso, il nome Prodi,come Forte,Valoroso , anticamente era Viscardi, non per questo sono discendenti degli Altavilla -
Il signor Benvenuto che aggiunge l'aggettivo Derek Hohenstaufen e' semplicemente un Benvenuto al mondo per i suoi cari e basta!
Il fotografo Augusto Lanza e' un semplice Lanza e non puo' abusare del cognome Hohenstaufen, in quanto semplice omonimo dei Lanza, cognome diffuso, ma anche se fosse tale, non e' discendente di Manfredi, comunque un Lancia e non Hohenstaufen , in quanto figlio illegittimo.
Diffidiamo pertanto gli stessi e terzi dall'abuso del cognome Hohenstaufen e del patrimonio spirituale agalmonico con vendite di titoli e cavalierati da ritenersi assolutamente falsi.
Europress
THE LOMBARD KINGS OF ITALY
Legend: the Lombards (also called Langobards) (originally called the Winnili tribe) migrated from Scandinavia to the European Continent under the brothers (2A) Ibor (Ebbe) and (2B) Agjo (Agio), the two sons of (01) Gausus, who gave the Gungingi Dynasty its name. Agjo was the ancestor of
30. Gambara, Lombard Queen, & last monarch of the Gungingi Dynasty; the wife of
31. Agila, aka AEgelmund, "1st" King of Lombards [in right of his wife]. They were childless. Here enters the story that a prostitute gave birth to a boy and threw him into a pond to drown, when King AEgelmund and Queen Gambara happened to ride by and rescued the boy and adopted the abandoned infant, whose name was
32. Lamicho (Lamissio), who succeeded his adoptive parents as the King of the Lombards, founding another dynasty. He had no sons only a single daughter, an heiress, the wife of
33. Letho (Lethu), Gothic Prince [Balthae Dynasty], reckoned 33rd King of the Lombards; founder of still another Lombardic dynasty, that is, the Lethinge Dynasty of Italy; identified with King Chlodio "Le Chevalu", King of Franks
=1 [name], a Burgundian princess
=2 [name], the Lombard heiress, dau of Lamicho (above)
=3 Argotta [Siegse], the Frankish heiress [her 2nd =]
issue of 1st wife:
a. Chlodebald (Chlodebaud)
b. Clotswithe (dau), 2nd wife of Merovech, King of France
issue of 2nd wife:
d. Claffo, 6th King of Lombards
e. Utfora, a Lombardic prince, had issue
issue of 3rd wife:
a. Lotric (Cloderic) (d451), who warred with half-bro Merovech [same mother] over the Frankish throne
b. Hildeoc, id. with King Childeric I of France
c. Gudeoc, id. with King Guntheric of Burgundy
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
34.[name], a Lombardic noble elected 34th King of the Lombards in opposition to Letho
35.[name], son, 35th King of the Lombards, died childless
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
36. Claffo, 36th King of Lombards
issue:
a. Tato, 37th Lombard King
b. Winta (Winichis) (Zuchilo), Prince (below)
c. Pero, Prince
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
issue of Winta (Winichis) (Zuchilo), Prince (above):
a. Pissa, poss. id. with Cissa of Sussex (below)
b. Waccho, 38th Lombard King (d540) (below)
c. Vecta, poss. id. with Wecta of Kent
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
issue of Pissa (above):
a. Audoin, 40th Lombard King (below)
b. Alhilda (dau)
[note: if the Lombard Prince Pissa is identified with Cissa of Sussex then his daughter Alhilda would be the Sussex heiress through her mother Adela [or Menie], dau of Aella "The Saxon" of Sussex. The marriage of Alhilda to a native British regional-king, Rhywyrch, saved her from expulsion in 541 when her "barbarian" family was expelled from Britain by the British Celto-Roman counter-offensive.]
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
37. Tato, 37th Lombard King (above)
38. Waccho, 38th Lombard King (d540) (above)
=1 Ranigund, a Thurgingian pss
=2 Austrisa (Austrigusa), a Gepidae pss
=3 Salinga, a Heruli pss
issue of 1st wife:
a. Visigarde (dau); =1 Thibert I, King of France (d548); =2 Audoin, 40th Lombard King [his 2nd =] (below)
issue of 2nd wife:
b. Valdarada (Walderade) (dau); =1 Thibaut, King of France; =2 Clothaire I, King of France; =3 Garibald I, King of Bavaria
issue of 3rd wife:
c. Waltari, 39th Lombard King (d546)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
issue of Valdarada (Walderade) (above) & 1st husband:
a. Theudelinde (Theodelinda) (Thilinda) (dau) (below)
=1 Autharic, 3rd Lombard King of Italy 584-590 (below)
=2 Agilulfo, 4th Lombard King of Italy 590-615 (below)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
issue of Theudelinde (Theodelinda) (Thilinda) (d625/7) (above) & 2nd husband:
a. Adaloald, 5th Lombard King of Italy 615-624 abd (d626), begot a single son, Faroaldo (d611)
b. Gundiperg (dau) (below); =1 Arioaldo, 6th Lombard King of Italy 624-636 (below); =2 Rothari, 7th Lombard King of Italy 636-652 (below)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
issue of Gundiperg (above) & 1st husband:
a. Gundoald, Duke of Asti (d641), father of Ariperto I, 9th Lombard King of Italy 653-661(below)
issue of Gundiperg (above) & 2nd husband:
b. Rodoald, 8th Lombard King of Italy 652-653 (below)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
39. Waltari, 39th Lombard King (d546) (above)
40. Audoin, 40th Lombard King (above) (d565)
=1 Rodelinde, dau of Ermenfrit of Thuringia & Amalaberga, the dau of Amalafreya, the sis of Theodoric "The Great", Ostro-Goth King of Italy
=2 Visigarde, his cousin, wdw of King Thibert I of France, &, dau of [his father's bro] Waccho, 38th Lombard King (above)
issue of 1st wife:
a. Alboin, reckoned "1st" Lombard King of Italy 572 (below)
b. Masane (dau)
= Cleph (Cleophis) (Klef), 2nd Lombard King of Italy 572-574, & begot Autharic, 3rd Lombard King of Italy 584-590 (below)
c. [name] (dau)
= Zottone, Duke of Forum Iulii, bec "1st" Duke of Benevento 571, had issue
x. others
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
01. Alboin, reckoned "1st" Lombard King of Italy 572 (above)
=1 Clotsinde of France
=2 Rosamunde (Rosalinte), a Gepidae pss
issue of 1st wife:
a. Alpsuinda (dau)
02. Cleph (Cleophis) (Klef), 2nd Lombard King of Italy 572-574
[son of Beleo]
= Masane, dau of Audoin, 10th Lombard King (above)
issue:
a. Autharic, 3rd Lombard King of Italy
03. Autharic, 3rd Lombard King of Italy 584-590 (above)
= Theudelinde (Thilinda) (above) [her 1st =]
04. Agilulfo, 4th Lombard King of Italy 590-615 (above)
= Theudelinde (Thilinda) (above) [her 2nd =]
issue:
a. Adaloald, 5th Lombard King of Italy (below)
b. Gundiperg (dau); =1 Arioaldo, 6th Lombard King of Italy; =2 Rothari, 7th Lombard King of Italy
05. Adaloald, 5th Lombard King of Italy 615-624 abd (d626) (above)
issue:
a. Faroaldo (d611)
06. Arioaldo, 6th Lombard King of Italy 624-636 (above)
= Gundiperg (above) [her 1st =]
issue:
a. Gundoald, Duke of Asti (d641), father of Aribert I, 9th Lombard King
07. Rothari, 7th Lombard King of Italy 636-652 (above)
= Gundiperg (above) [her 2nd =]
issue:
a. Rodoald, 8th Lombard King of Italy (above/below)
08. Rodoald, 8th Lombard King of Italy 652-653 (above)
09. Ariperto I, 9th Lombard King of Italy 653-661(above)
[son of Gundoald, Duke of Asti, son of Arioaldo, 6th Lombard King of Italy]
issue:
a. Perctarit, 10-A & 13th Lombard King (below)
b. Godeperto, 10-B, co-king 661 (below)
c. [name] (dau)
= Grimoaldo, 11th Lombard King 661-671 [his 2nd =]
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
10A. Perctarit, 10-A [& 13th] Lombard King 661, 1st time
= Rodelinde
issue: see below
10B. Godeperto, 10-B Lombard King 661
= Ragnatrude of East Anglia
issue:
a. Ragimpert, 16th Lombard King (below)
b. Regintrude (dau) (below); = Theodo II, King of Bavaria
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
issue of Regintrude & Theodo II, King of Bavaria (above):
a. Thedebert (d722) (below)
b. Theodorata (dau) (below); = Ansprand, 18th Lombard King 712 (below)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
issue of Thedebert (d722) (above):
a. Swanhild
= Charles "Martel", Duke of France
b. Guntrude
= Liutprand, 19th Lombard King (below)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
11. Grimoaldo, 11th Lombard King 661-671 (above)
= [name], dau of Ariperto I, 9th Lombard King of Italy (above)
issue:
a. Garibaldo, 12th Lombard King (below)
12. Garibaldo, 12th Lombard King 671-674 (above)
13. Perctarit, 13th Lombard King 674-686/8, 2nd time (above)
= Rodelinde
issue:
a. Cuincpert, 14th Lombard King (below)
b. Vigilinda (dau)
= Grimoaldo [II], Duke of Benevento
14. Cuincpert, 14th Lombard King 686/6-690 dep (d700) (above)
= Hermelinde of England
issue:
a. Liutperto, 15th Lombard King (below)
15. Liutperto, 15th Lombard King 700 dep (d702) (above)
16. Ragimpert, 16th Lombard King 700-1 (above)
issue:
a. Ariperto II, 17th Lombard King (below)
17. Ariperto II, 17th Lombard King 701-712 dep (above)
issue:
a,b,c. 3 sons
d. Ratberg (Redburh) (dau); = Pemmo, son of Billo, a Lombard duke (below)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
issue of Ratberg (Redburh) & Pemmo (above):
a. Ratchis, 21st & 23rd Lombard King (below)
b. Astolfo, 22nd Lombard King; [also] reckoned "1st" King of Italy (below)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
18. Ansprand, 18th Lombard King 712 (above)
= Theodorata, dau of Theodo II of Bavaria & Regintrude, dau of Godeperto, 10-B Lombard King
issue:
a. Sigiprand (below)
b. Liutprand, 19th Lombard King (below)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
issue of Sigiprand (above):
a. Ildeprand (Hiltiprand), 20th Lombard King (below)
b. Tasia (dau)
= Ratchis, 21st & 23rd Lombard King (below)
c. Ansia (dau)
= Desiderio (Desiderius) [appears as Didier/Dedier in medieval romance], 24th & last Lombard King (below)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
19. Liutprand, 19th Lombard King 712-744 (above)
= Guntrude, dau of Thedebert (d722), son of Theodo II of Bavaria & Regintrude, dau of Godeperto, 10-B Lombard King
issue:
a. dau
20. Ildeprand (Hiltiprand), 20th Lombard King 744 dep (above)
21. Ratchis, 21st [& 23rd] Lombard King 744-749 abd, 1st time (above)
= Tasia, sis of Ildeprand (Hiltiprand), 20th Lombard King, & Ansia, wife of Desiderio, 24th & last Lombard King
issue:
a. Vastrada, one of the many wives of Charlemagne & the mother of his daughter Ratperg (Redburh), wife of the English Bretwalda Egbert of Wessex
22. Astolfo, 22nd Lombard King 749-752; reckoned "1st" King of Italy 752-756 upon his abolishment of the Byzantine Exarchate (above)
= Giseltrude, sis of Eutychius, last Exarch of Ravenna 728-752 deposed
issue:
a-e:_five_daus_[all_nuns]
23. Ratchis, 23rd Lombard King 756, 2nd time (above)
24. Desiderio [id. with Desiderius, son of Erminulphus, son of Alachisus], 24th & last Lombard King 756-774 dep (d775) (above)
= Ansia, sis of Ildeprand, 20th Lombard King, &, niece of Liutprand, 19th Lombard King
issue:
a. Adelchis, associate-ruler 759-774 (d788), was the ancestor of an Italian noble house Princes Puoti of Costantinopoli and Castelpoto
b. Gerberga (dau)
= Carloman of France, mother of Pepin & Sigar
c. Desidere [Bertrade], one of the wives of Charlemagne, who conquered the Lombards and annexed their territory [Lombardy] to his realm
d. Adelperga (dau)
= Arechi II, Duke of Benevento
e. Liutperge (dau)
= Tassilo IV, Duke of Bavaria
f. Ansperga, abbess
Weiblinghen Buren,Beuren, Burey, Hohenstaufen
also called Staufer(Staufer Freya , Aphros, Avril, Aprile) Dynasty,German dynasty that ruled the Holy Roman Empire from 1138 to 1208 and from 1212 to 1254. The founder of the line was the count Friedrich (died 1105), who built Staufen Castle in the Swabian Jura Mountains and was rewarded for his fidelity to Emperor Heinrich IV. (1050-1106) by being appointed duke of Swabia as Friedrich I in 1079. He later married Heinrich's daughter Agnes. His two sons, Friedrich II, duke of Swabia, and Konrad, were the heirs of their uncle, Emperor Heinrich V. (1086-1125), who died childless in 1125. After the interim reign of the Saxon Lothair III. (1075-1137), Konrad became German king and Holy Roman emperor as Konrad III. (1093-1152) in 1138. Subsequent Hohenstaufen rulers were Friedrich I. Barbarossa (1123-1190) (Holy Roman emperor 1155–90), Heinrich VI. (1165-1197) (Holy Roman emperor 1191–97), Philip of Swabia (king 1198– 1208), Friedrich II. (1194-1250) (king, 1212–50, emperor 1220–50), and Conrad IV (king 1237–54). The Hohenstaufen, especially Friedrich I and Friedrich II, continued the struggle with the papacy that began under their Salian predecessors, and were active in Italian affairs.
The Last Empress of imperial dynasty Avril von Hohenstaufen Burey Anjou Plantagenet is H.I.R.H. Princess Yasmine Aprile von Hohenstaufen Puoti (1946 Chateau Princes Puoti Palais Puoti- Villa di Briano)
Copyright © 1994-2002 Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc
nell'Abbazia Benedettina des Avril de Burey d'Anjou de
Saint Genis Saintonge (I crittogrammi dei lapicidi celano il nome arcano degli Hohenstaufen Staoper Friius ovvero Staufer o Daufer- Dauferius ex Aufer ovvero Desiderio, o Pothos Venere . Fortis o Boaz ovvero Poto e' interscambiabile con Venus nel linguaggio graalico):L'Origine della Dinastia Staufer ascende infatti a Hildegard Gisela figlia di Re Poto II,pronipote di Re Desiderio (Daufer o Staufer ex Aufer equivale a Didier Desiderio Pothos o Poto )la cui madre era della dinastia di Gisela von Schwaben terza moglie di Carlo Magno.Il nome arcano dei Puoti o Poto e' dunque Daufer o Staufer , ossia da Venere (Ex Freya o Pothos Desiderio). Il nome arcano degli Hohenstanfen e' infatti Sancta Propago (Saint Genis )Veibling ossia Avrillon ovvero linea di Venere , da cui Avril de Saint Genis ovvero Aprile della Santa Progenie Niphi Nero' (Armoriali di Angoumois)della Signora dell'acqua, ovvero Venere.Hohen traduce Saint Genis, o Altezza Divina (nome di Giuseppe di Arimatea), ovvero Spirito Santo o Sancta Progenie , ovvero Saint Genis de Poully o Santa progenie della Pula o Venus Genitrix (si ricordi il mito della chioccia dalle uova d'oro di Teodolinda), da cui Avril de Saint Genis , ovvero Santa Progenie Aprile ,da cui Avril de Burey, ossia Buren ,Anjou, o Plantagenet , discendenza di Federico figlio di Federico II ed Isabella d'Inghilterra,
NOTE ARALDICHE: I TITOLI IMPERIALI SVEVI
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________
MARESCA (Maresca Donnorso e Maresca Donnorso Correale Revertera)
Nobile Ludovico Maresca (di Giovanni Leonardo, di Stefano di Giovanni Battista), sposa Geronima …….
Nobile Leonardo Andrea (* Piano di Sorrento 11-11-1624 + ivi 1679), sposa in prime nozze Anna Cota (+ Roma 25-9-1667); in seconde nozze Maria Maresca (+ 6-12-1671).
A1. (ex 1°) Nobile Ludovico (* Roma 10-1-1660 – secondo il Serra 19-4-1656 + Napoli 4-10-1706), intestato della
portulania di Piano di Sorrento nel 1690.
= Roma 13-4-1681 Orsola de Martino, figlia di Michele Barone di Faicchio e di Giulia Trecastelli
B1. Nobile Chiara (* 1689 + ?)
= Giovanni Battista Giura
B2. Don Nicola (* Napoli 26-10-1691 + ivi 9-5-1759), investito del titolo di Duca con Privilegio datato: Vienna
29-4-1729, acquista i feudi di Serracapriola e Chieuti il 29-5-1742; Dottore in leggi, Presidente della Regia
Camera della Sommaria.
= Napoli 7-1-1736 Camilla Donnorso, figlia ed erede di Antonino, Patrizio di Sorrento, e della Nobile
Caterina Nicodemo (* Napoli 9-3-1720 + ivi 29-10-1804).
C1. Marchesa (dal 27-6-1760) Donna Maria Raffaella (* Napoli 17-3-1737 + 7-2-1810), monaca “suor
Orsola” nel monastero di Santa Caterina da Siena dal 1756.
C2. Donna Marianna (* Napoli 27-6-1740 + infante).
C3. Marchesa (dal 12-4-1760) Donna Marianna (* Napoli 29-4-1742 + 27-7-1819), monaca “suor Maria
Carlotta” nel monastero di Santa Caterina da Siena.
C4. Marchesa (dal 12-4-1760) Donna Maria Rachele (* Napoli 28-11-1744 + 7-12-1814), monaca nel
monastero di Santa Caterina da Siena.
C5. Donna Maria Marcella (* Napoli 28-11-1744 + ?).
C6. Marchesa (dal 12-4-1760) Donna Maria Giuseppa (* Napoli 27-3-1746 + ?), monaca “suor Maria
Enrichetta” nel monastero di Santa Caterina da Siena dal 1766.
C7. Donna Maria Francesca (* Napoli 12-11-1747 + 19-1-1750).
C8. Marchese (dal 12-4-1760) Don Antonino Maresca Donnorso (* Napoli 15-2-1750 + San Pietroburgo
27-11-1822), appoggia il titolo ducale sul feudo di Serracapriola divenendo 2° Duca di Serracapriola il
20-3-1760, Signore di Chieuti; ambasciatore napoletano a San Pietroburgo e al Congresso di Vienna, Balì
Gran Croce dell’Ordine di Malta, Cavaliere dell’Ordine Costantiniano di San Giorgio, Cavaliere
dell’Ordine di Sant’Andrea e dell’Ordine di Sant’Alessandro Nevsky.
a) = Chieri 30-6-1767 Maria Adelaide del Carretto, figlia di Carlo Ottavio Marchese di Camerano e di
Teresa Boreani (+ 19-12-1787) (v.)
b) = San Pietroburgo 12-11-1788 Principessa Anna Alexandrovna Wiasemsky, figlia del Principe
Alessandro e di Elena Principessa Trubetzkoy (* San Pietroburgo 13-7-1770 + ivi 31-1-1840).
D1. (ex 1°) Marchesa Donna Maria Luisa (* Napoli 20-9-1769 + ivi 28-11-1845), Marchesa di Camerano
con Lettere Patenti del Re di Sardegna del 27-6-1820 seguite da Sentenza Camerale di Interinazione
delle stesse senza pregiudizio di terzi emessa in data 31-3-1828.
= San Pietroburgo 10-2-1789 Marchese Don Benedetto Maresca Donnorso, suo zio (v. oltre)
D2. (ex 2°) Marchesa Donna Alessandra (* San Pietroburgo 18-9-1789 + ?).
D3. (ex 2°) Marchese Don Nicola (* San Pietroburgo 13-8-1790 + Portici 17-11-1870), 3° Duca di
Serracapriola dal 1822, 1° Conte di Tronco con Regio Rescritto del Re delle Due Sicilie del
16-5-1856, riconosciuto Marchese con Regio Rescritto del 17-2-1846; ambasciatore a Parigi, Ministro
degli affari esteri del Regno delle Due Sicilie nel 1848, Presidente del Consiglio dei Ministri del
Regno delle Due Sicilie nel 1848, Gentiluomo di Corte, Gran Croce dell’Ordine Costantiniano di
San Giorgio, Gran Croce dell’Ordine Piano e Nobile Pontificio dal 1859, Commendatore del
Sovrano Militare Ordine di Malta, Cavaliere dell’Ordine di Sant’Alessandro Nevsky e Cavaliere
della Legion d’Onore.
= Napoli 10-9-1817 Donna Maria Margherita di Sangro, figlia del Duca Don Nicola e di Donna
Giuseppa Carafa dei Duchi d’Andria (* Firenze 1798 + Napoli 19-1-1874) (v.)
E1. Marchesa Donna Maria Alessandra (* San Pietroburgo 4-10-1823 + Napoli 25-2-1880)
= Parigi 24-11-1845 Marchese Don Luigi Maresca Donnorso Marchese di Camerano (v. oltre)
E2. Marchesa Donna Maria Anna (* Napoli 16-6-1826 + ivi 29-4-1865)
= Napoli 16-5-1861 Don Giuseppe Caravita 4° Duca di Toritto (v.)
E3. Marchesa Donna Maria Giuseppa (* Napoli 29-8-1828 + ivi 26-2-1904), Dama di corte delle
Due Sicilie.
= Napoli 24-1-1852 Don Giuseppe Ruffo dei Principi della Scaletta (v.)
E4. Marchesa Donna Elena (* Napoli 10-7-1830 + 10-7-1904).
E5. Marchesa Donna Maria Lucia (* Napoli 23-6-1832 + ivi 6-1-1892)
= Napoli 15-11-1851 Marchese Nicola Puoti, Patrizio di Bari (* 10-11-1825 + 1892).
E6. Marchese Don Giovanni (* Napli 12-12-1834 + ivi 28-9-1866), 2° Conte di Tronco per
successione paterna anticipata, Gentiluomo di Corte, Gran Croce dell’Ordine Costantiniano di
San Giorgio.
= Napoli 10-7-1856 Matilde Correale, figlia ed erede di Francesco Conte di Terranova, Patrizio
di Sorrento, e di Donna Maria Clelia Colonna dei Principi di Stigliano (* Napoli 10-2-1834 +
Portici 15-10-1882), Dama di corte delle Due Sicilie.
F1. Marchesa Donna Margherita (* Napoli 24-8-1857 + ?)
= Napoli 27-9-1882 Nobile Arturo de la Feld
F2. Marchesa Donna Maria Clelia (* Napoli 20-9-1859 + ivi 25-3-1863).
F3. Marchesa Donna Maria (* e + Napoli 2-12-1862).
F4. Marchese Don Nicola (* postumo, Napoli 1-1-1867 + Sorrento 14-1-1948), 3° Conte di
Tronco dalla nascita, 4° Duca di Serracapriola dal 1870 (titoli riconosciuti con Decreti
Ministeriali del 30-12-1925 e 2-5-1932 insieme al predicato di Chieuti e al titolo di Nobile
dei Duchi di Serracapriola per i cadetti m./f.), unione delle armi e del cognome della famiglia
Correale con Decreto Ministeriale del 15-12-1904, Gran Groce dell’Ordine Costantiniano di
San Giorgio.
= Napoli 4-8-1890 Donna Anna Revertera 9° Duchessa di Salandra, 6° Contessa di Tricarico
e Grande di Spagna di prima classe dal 1903, figlia del Duca Don Giovanni Vincenzo e di
Donna Francesca Caracciolo dei Duchi di San Vito (* Napoli 11-3-1870 + ivi 28-7-1912)
(v.)
G1. Marchese Don Giovanni Maresca Donnorso Correale Revertera (* Napoli 11-1-1893
+ Roma 6-9-1971), 10° Duca di Salandra e 7° Conte di Tricarico, con i predicati di
Gaguso, Grassano, Calciano e Miglionico e unione delle armi e del cognome della
famiglia Revertera con Regie Lettere Patenti del 30-8-1925, Conte di Terranova titolo
rinnovato con Decreto Ministeriale del 13-5-1937 e Regie Lettere Patenti del 7-10-1937,
5° Duca di Serracapriola e 4° Conte di Tronco (con il predicato di Chieuti) dal 1948,
Grande di Spagna di prima classe; riconoscimento del predicato “di Cesa” (a seguito
dell’estinzione di questa linea dei Maresca) con Regie Lettere Patenti di Umberto II Re
d’Italia del 28-3-1960; Balì Gran Croce d’obbedienza del Sovrano Militare Ordine di
Malta, Balì Gran Croce di Giustizia e Gran Collare dell’Ordine Costantiniano di San
Giorgio, Gran Croce al Merito Melitense, Gran Ufficiale dell’Ordine dei Santi Maurizio
e Lazzaro, Cavaliere di Gran Croce dell’Ordine della Corona d’Italia, Cavaliere Ufficiale
dell’Ordine della Stella Coloniale d’Italia, Commendatore dell’Ordine Piano e Nobile
Pontificio, Commendatore dell’Ordine del Santo Sepolcro di Gerusalemme,
Commendatore con placca dell’Ordine de Cisneros e dell’Ordine dell’Yugo y las
Flechas, Cavaliere dell’Ordine di San Gennaro, Cavaliere della Legion d’Onore,
insignito della Medaglia interalleata della Vittoria, della Medaglia di Croce di guerra
e della Croce Rossa di Spagna, della Medaglia al Merito en campana, ebbe 2 medaglie di
bronzo al Valor Militare, 1 croce di guerra, 5 croci per meriti di guerra, la medaglia dei
campo per le guerre italo-turca, italo-austriaca, d’Etiopia, di Spagna e per la Seconda
Guerra Mondiale, Medaglia dell’Unità d’Italia; Cavaliere di Vittorio Veneto, Vice
Presidente della Consulta dei Senatori del Regno d’Italia, Deputato per le XXVIII e
XIX Legislature, Consigliere Nazionale della XXX Legislatura, Podestà di Sorrento
1926/1929, Vice Podestà di Napoli 1929/1932, Consigliere comunale di Napoli
1952/1956.
a) = Napoli 4-4-1923 Nobile Maria de la Feld, figlia del Nobile Arturo e della Marchesa
Donna Margherita Maresca Donnorso dei Duchi di Serracapriola (* Napoli
8-9-1897 + Roma 6-8-1963), Dama d’Onore e Devozione del Sovrano Militare
Ordine di Malta, Dama di Gran Croce di Giustizia dell’Ordine Costantiniano di
San Giorgio;
b) = Roma 28-2-1970 Clotilde Unger Edle von Loewenburg, figlia del Barone (?)
Walter e di Susanne Biot de Beauclaire (* Firenze ……. + ?), già vedova di
Domenico da Novi – Dama di Gran Croce di Giustizia dell’Ordine Costantiniano
di San Giorgio e Croce al Merito Melitense con corona.
H1. (ex 1°) Marchese Don Antonino (* Napoli 3-11-1924), 6° Duca di Serracapriola, 11°
Duca di Salandra, 8° Conte di Tricarico, 5° Conte di Tronco e Conte di Terranova
(con i predicati di Chieuti, Gaguso, Grassano, Calciano e Miglionico) dal 1971;
Cavaliere d’Onore e Devozione del Sovrano Militare Ordine di Malta, Cavaliere
dell’Ordine di San Gennaro, Cavaliere di Giustizia dell’Ordine Costantiniano di San
Giorgio e Guardia Nobile del Papa.
= Bologna 24-2-1968 Nicoletta Baldasano Montanari Bianchini Nobile del S.R.I.,
figlia ed erede del Marchese Riccardo, Nobile del S.R.I, Nobile e Patrizio di
Bologna, e di Lydia Maccaferri (* Bologna 28-3-1939), Dama di Giustizia
dell’Ordine Costantiniano di San Giorgio.
H2. (ex 1°) Marchese Don Stefano (* Napoli 25-8-1927 + 27-1-1982), Nobile dei Duchi
di Serracapriola; Cavaliere d’Onore e Devozione del Sovrano Militare Ordine di
Malta e Cavaliere di Giustizia dell’Ordine Costantiniano di San Giorgio.
H3. (ex 1°) Marchesa Donna Anna Margherita (* Roma 12-3-1935), Nobile dei Duchi
di Serracapriola.
= Roma 26-7-1962 l’ambasciatore Boris Bianchieri Chiappori (* Roma 3-11-1930),
nozze annullate a Roma il 24-9-1979.
G2. Marchese Don Alfredo (* Napoli 11-11-1894 + Roma 23-2-1974), Nobile dei Duchi di
Serracapriola; Cavaliere d’Onore e Devozione del Sovrano Militare Ordine di Malta, Balì
di Gran Croce di Giustizia dell’Ordine Costantiniano di San Giorgio, decorato di 2
medaglie d’argento al Valore Militare, di 2 croci di guerra, della Medaglia per le guerre
italo-austriaca, della Seconda Guerra Mondiale, dell’Unità d’Italia e della Medaglia
interalleata della Vittoria, Cavaliere di Vittorio Veneto, prigioniero di guerra in
Germania.
= Graz 20-4-1925 Maria, figlia di August Urbanski von Ostrymiecz e di Margit Kovats
de Kovaszna (* Barcola 30-5-1902 + ?), Dama di Giustizia dell’Ordine Costantiniano
di San Giorgio.
H1. Marchese Don Nicola (* Graz 3-8-1926), Nobile dei Duchi di Serracapriola;
Cavaliere d’Onore e Devozione del Sovrano Militare Ordine di Malta, Cavaliere di
Giustizia dell’Ordine Costantiniano di San Giorgio.
= Nervi 25-9-1952 Bianca Vittoria da Novi, figlia di Domenico da Novi e di
Clotilde Unger Edle von Loewenburg
I1. Marchese Don Stefano (* Genova 20-11-1953), Nobile dei Duchi di
Serracapriola.
= Massalubrense ……… Viviana Savy
J1. Marchese Don Giovanni (* Napoli 20-9-1999), Nobile dei Duchi di
Serracapriola.
I2. Marchese Don Roberto (* Genova 5-9-1959), Nobile dei Duchi di Serracapriola.
= Sorrento 3-10-1992 Marisol Valenzuela
J1. Marchese Don Nicolò (* Roma 20-4-1996), Nobile dei Duchi di Serracapriola
J2. Marchese Don Vittorio (* Roma 12-7-2000), Nobile dei Duchi di
Serracapriola.
H2. Marchesa Donna Romana (* Palermo 26-3-1928 + 9-7-2000), Nobile dei Duchi di
Serracapriola.
= chiesa di Santa Maria di Siponto 11-1-1950 Clemente Iori (+ 29-1-1971).
G3. Marchesa Donna Maria Matilde (* Napoli 26-10-1897 + ivi 25-3-1985), Nobile dei
Duchi di Serracapriola, Dama di Gran Croce di Giustizia dell’Ordine di San Giorgio e
Dama di corte della Duchessa d’Ancona.
G4. Marchesa Donna Maria Elena (* Napoli 22-1-1899 + ivi 25-4-1985), Nobile dei Duchi
di Serracapriola, Dama di Gran Croce di Giustizia dell’Ordine Costantiniano di San
Giorgio.
E7. Marchese Don Giovanni Alessandro (* Napoli 30-12-1839 + 30-12-1857).
D4. (ex 2°) Marchesa Donna Elena (+ 25-11-1820)
= Conte Stefano Feodorovic Apraxin (* 30-7-1792 + 17-5-1862).
C9. Don Francesco Maria (* 17-11-1752 + infante).
C10. Marchese (dal 12-4-1760) Don Benedetto Maresca Donnorso (* Napoli 21-3-1758 + ivi 22-6-1840),
Marchese di Camerano (l’uso del titolo fu confermato con Regio Rescritto del Re delle Due Sicilie del
18-4-1832), Colonnello nel Reggimento di cavalleria “Piemonte”.
= San Pietroburgo 10-2-1789 Marchesa Donna Maria Luisa Maresca Donnorso Marchesa di Camerano,
sua nipote (* Napoli 20-9-1769 + ivi 28-11-1845) (v. sopra)
D1. Marchesa Donna Anna Camilla (* 1789 + 7-3-1850).
D2. Marchesa Donna Maria Adelaide (* Napoli 21-7-1790 + ivi 16-3-1797).
D3. Marchesa Donna Maria Leopolda (* Napoli 13-2-1794 + 29-1-1832), monaca nel monastero di
Santa Chiara a Napoli dal 1806.
D4. Marchese Don Antonino (* Napoli 27-4-1796 + 22-3-1852), Marchese di Camerano dal 1845.
D5. Marchese Don Francesco (* Napoli 14-3-1798 + ivi 31-3-1882), Marchese di Camerano dal 1852.
D6. Marchese Don Carlo (* Napoli 30-12-1799 + 27-8-1836).
D7. Marchese Don Luigi (* Napoli 18-11-1802 + ivi 24-2-1883), Marchese di Camerano dal 1882,
Colonnello nel Reggimento di cavalleria “Piemonte”.
= Parigi 24-11-1845 Marchesa Donna Maria Alessandra Maresca Donnorso dei Duchi di
Serracapriola (* San Pietroburgo 4-10-1823 + Napoli 25-2-1870) (v. sopra)
E1. Marchese Don Benedetto (* Parigi 4-9-1846 + Napoli 12-5-1923), Marchese di Camerano dal
1883.
= Napoli 15-2-1874 Donna Maria Mercede Granito Pignatelli, figlia di Angelo Granito 5°
Marchese di Castellabate e di Donna Francesca Pignatelli y Aymerich Pinelli Ravaschieri 10°
Principessa di Belmonte (* Napoli 6-7-1853 + ivi 24-5-1925) (v.)
F1. Marchesa Donna Francesca di Paola (* Napoli 22-2-1875 + ivi 7-10-1959), Nobile dei
Duchi di Serracapriola.
F2. Marchese Don Luigi (* Napoli 22-2-1877 + ivi 13-7-1965), Marchese di Camerano dal
1923, Nobile dei Duchi di Serracapriola; Cavaliere dell’Ordine dei Santi Maurizio e Lazzaro
e Commendatore dell’Ordine della Corona d’Italia.
= Napoli 24-5-1909 Maria Falvella, figlia del Conte Giuseppe Adolfo e di Donna Laura
Granito Pignatelli dei Principi di Belmonte (* Napoli 8-7-1885 + ivi 3-4-1968).
G1. Marchese Don Benedetto (* Napoli 4-5-1910 + ivi 13-5-2000), Marchese di Camerano
dal 1965.
= Napoli 5-4-1943 Nobile Francesca Zezza, figlia del Nobile Vincenzo e di Mercede
Ricciardi (* Napoli 24-7-1918 + 13-9-2005).
H1. Marchese Don Alessandro (* Napoli 5-6-1945 + ivi 21-7-1950), Nobile dei Duchi
di Serracapriola.
H2. Marchese Don Luigi (* Napoli 19-3-1949), Marchese di Camerano dal 2000,
Nobile dei Duchi di Serracapriola.
= Carlotta Bonato
I1. Marchese Don Benedetto (* Napoli 29-9-1977), Nobile dei Duchi di
Serracapriola.
I2. Marchesa Donna Barbara (* Napoli 23-4-1981), Nobile dei Duchi di
Serracapriola.
H3. Marchese Don Carlo (* Napoli 5-11-1950), Nobile dei Duchi di Serracapriola.
= Gabriella de Forgellinis Zarone degli Infanti
I1. Marchese Don Giovanni (* Napoli 15-2-1982), Nobile dei Duchi di
Serracapriola.
I2. Marchese Don Antonino (* Napoli 21-6-1987), Nobile dei Duchi di
Serracapriola.
H4. Marchesa Donna Sofia (* Napoli 15-2-1952), Nobile dei Duchi di Serracapriola.
= Gianfranco Federico (+ 4-6-1992).
H5. Marchesa Donna Anna (* Napoli 28-3-1954 + 21-3-1993), Nobile dei Duchi di
Serracapriola.
G2. Marchese Don Giuseppe (* Napoli 21-10-1911 + 21-3-2005), Nobile dei Duchi di
Serracapriola; Balì Gran Croce di Giustizia del Sovrano Militare Ordine di Malta e
Gran Priore di Napoli e Sicilia, Gran Croce dell'Ordine al Merito Melitense, Balì di
Gran Croce dell’Ordine Costantiniano di San Giorgio, Gran Croce dell’Ordine dei
Santi Maurizio e Lazzaro, Cavaliere dell’Ordine di San Gennaro, Grand'Ufficiale
dell'Ordine del Leone di Giuda (Impero d’Etiopia) e Grand'Ufficiale al Merito della
Repubblica Italiana.
= Napoli 28-2-1938 Maria Cocozza, figlia di Giuseppe Marchese di Montanara e della
Nobile Eleonora Elefante (* Napoli 23-7-1913 + ivi 25-5-1960).
H1. Marchese Don Antonino (* Napoli 25-12-1941), Nobile dei Duchi di
Serracapriola.
= Napoli 24-4-1976 Virginia de Pascale
I1. Marchesa Donna Maria Teresa (* Napoli 24-2-1977), Nobile dei Duchi di
Serracapriola.
I2. Marchese Don Giovanni (* Napoli 10-5-1979), Nobile dei Duchi di
Serracapriola.
H2. Marchesa Donna Vittoria (* Napoli 8-4-1945), Nobile dei Duchi di Serracapriola,
Dama d’Onore e Devozione del Sovrano Militare Ordine di Malta.
= Sorrento 12-4-1984 Giacomo Maglione Piromallo Capece Piscicelli (* Napoli
9-6-1949).
G3. Marchesa Donna Anna (* Napoli 16-12-1914), Nobile dei Duchi di Serracapriola.
G4. Marchesa Donna Francesca di Paola (* Napoli 29-6-1916), Nobile dei Duchi di
Serracapriola.
= Napoli 21-2-1944 Francesco de Luca Tupputi di Schinosa dei Marchesi di Roseto
(* Napoli 31-3-1914 + ivi 20-9-1984).
G5. Marchesa Donna Margherita (* Napoli 8-2-1924), Nobile dei Duchi di Serracapriola.
F3. Marchese Don Alessandro (* Napoli 11-4-1881 + ivi 30-8-1943), Nobile dei Duchi di
Serracapriola.
F4. Marchese Don Angelo (* Napoli 1882 + ivi 27-12-1882).
F5. Marchese Don Carlo (* Napoli 6-4-1886 + ivi 13-3-1959), Nobile dei Duchi di
Serracapriola; Balì Gran Croce di Giustizia del Sovrano Militare Ordine di Malta, Gran
Priore di Napoli e Sicilia, Commendatore dell’Ordine di San Gregorio Magno,
Commendatore dell’Ordine dal merito d’Ungheria, Gran Ufficiale dell’Ordine della Stella
di Romania, Cavaliere di Gran Croce dell’Ordine di Sant’Agata di San Marino, decorato di
due croci di guerra al Valor Militare, di due croci per meriti di guerra, della medaglia
commemorativa della guerra italo-austriaca e della Seconda Guerra Mondiale, della
medaglia del’Unità d’Italia e della medaglia interalleata della Vittoria.
E2. Marchese Don Nicola (* Napoli 26-9-1847 + ivi 23-9-1885)
= 15-7-1879 Giuditta Tortora Brayda dei Baroni di Belvedere (+ 16-12-1945).
F1. Marchesa Donna Maria Alessandra (* Napoli 21-4-1880 + ivi 17-10-1937), Nobile dei
Duchi di Serracapriola.
= Napoli 11-4-1901 Felice Carlo Stevens
F2. Marchesa Donna Maria Vittoria (* Napoli 21-7-1881 + ivi 26-2-1941), Nobile dei Duchi
di Serracapriola.
= Napoli 16-4-1903 Don Raffaele dei Principi Rocco di Torrepadula (* Napoli 11-12-1880
+ ivi 15-9-1947).
F3. Marchesa Donna Maria Giuseppina (* Napoli 7-4-1884 + Roma 21-3-1973), Nobile dei
Duchi di Serracapriola.
= Roma 7-2-1904 Marchese Ignazio Honorati, Nobile di Jesi (* Jesi 30-8-1873 + ivi
8-5-1959).
E3. Marchesa Donna Maria Margherita (* Napoli 25-7-1851 + 21-7-1909)
= 12-11-1879 Marchese Don Gennaro Ruffo dei Principi della Scaletta (v.)
E4. Marchese Don Antonino (* Napoli 9-8-1852 + 17-12-1935)
= 9-5-1889 Donna Costanza De Bianchi Dottula Duchessa di Airola, figlia di Luigi Marchese
di Montrone e di Francesca di Capua Sanseverino Contessa di Saponara
B3. Nobile Giovanni Battista
B4. Clemente (* Piano di Sorrento 14-11-1697 + Napoli 13-10-1769), investito del titolo di Marchese del S.R.I.
dal Principe Elettore del Palatinato con Privilegio datato: Schwetzingen 4-9-1759 (conferma del titolo ed
estensione del privilegio dell’arma e del titolo ai nipoti figli di Nicola con Privilegio datato: Schwetzingen
12-4-1760).
= 1740 Teresa Pallavicini, figlia del Marchese Giuseppe, Patrizio Genovese, e di Maria dei Marchesi
Giustiniani Garibaldi (* 19-8-1722 + 1804) (v.)
C1. Marchesa Anna Maria (* Napoli 9-2-1742 + 7-12-1818), monaca “suor Candida” nel monastero di
Betlemme dal 1758.
C2. Nobile Maria Arcangela (* Napoli 8-3-1743 + 25-7-1750).
C3. Marchesa Costanza (* Napoli 4-8-1744 + 18-1-1840), monaca nel monastero di San Giovanni Battista,
poi in quello di Betlemme dal 1772.
C4. Nobile Ippolita (* Napoli 13-8-1745 + ?).
C5. Nobile Luigi (* Napoli 24-8-1746 + ?).
C6. Marchesa Teresa (* Napoli 13-10-1747 + ?), monaca “suor Maria Elisabetta” nel monastero di Betlemme
dal 1765.
C7. Nobile Maria Francesca (* Napoli 6-12-1748 + ?).
C8. Nobile Francesca (* Napoli 26-8-1751 + 4-1755).
C9. Nobile Elisabetta (* Napoli 19-11-1752 + ?).
C10. Marchese Francesco Maresca di Cesa (* Napoli 3-12-1754 + 6-12-1794), Signore di Cesa per
successione della famiglia Palomba dall’8-6-1778.
= 13-6-1773 Angela Maria Palomba, figlia di Francesco 2° Marchese di Cesa e di Elena Morosini
(* 27-8-1752 + 3-3-1817).
D1. Marchesa Maria (* e + Napoli 4-7-1774).
D2. Marchesa Maria Antonia (* 21-9-1775 + 9-3-1781).
D3. Marchesa Elena (* Napoli 18-4-1777 + ?).
D4. Marchese Clemente (* 1779 + Napoli 7-5-1793), Signore di Cesa dal 1794.
D5. Marchesa Maria Luisa (* Napoli 19-10-1781 + 4-2-1828), monaca “suor Maria Angela” nel
monastero di Betlemme e poi, nel 1805, trasferita nel monastero di San Giovanni Battista.
D6. Marchese Filippo (* 6-5-1783 + 6-12-1856), Signore di Cesa dal 1799 (ultimo feudatario).
= 15-10-1800 Teresa Severino Longo dei Marchesi di Gagliati (+ 17-12-1849).
E1. Marchesa Clementina (* Cesa 29-12-1801 + Aversa 8-12-1826).
E2. Marchese Francesco (* Cesa 28-8-1803 + 27-11-1857)
= 17-5-1843 Giulia Zezza dei Baroni di Zapponeta (+ 18-11-1872).
F1. Marchese Luigi Filippo (* Aversa 8-3-1844 + ?), Regia Guardia del Corpo delle Re delle
Due Sicilie dal 14-7-1860.
= ………………
G1. Marchese Emilio (* 11-2-1872 + 8-4-1938)
= Idea Tonne (* 1891 + ?).
H1. Marchesa Enrica (* 1-1-1913 + ?)
= Domenico Polidori
H2. Marchesa Eros (* 13-3-1923 + ?)
= Napoli 1941 Andrea Cerino
E3. Marchese Luigi (* Cesa 8-6-1805 + poco dopo).
E4. Marchese Luigi (* 17-1-1806 + Napoli 17-1-1808).
E5. Marchese Giuseppe (* Napoli 17-3 e + ivi 2-4-1807).
E6. Marchesa Giulia (* 16-5-1809 + Aversa 18-3-1832)
= Aversa 1 o 3-5-1830 Don Vincenzo Quarto dei Duchi di Belgioioso (v.)
E7. Marchese Luigi (* Portici 28-1-1810 + ?), Regia Guardia del Corpo del Re delle Due Sicilie
= 5-2-1836 Camilla, figlia di Giacomo Terragnoli e di Vincenza dell’Aquila
F1. Marchesa Letizia (* 20-4-1833 + 28-8-1895)
= Francesco Pirolo (Pirola ?)
F2. Marchesa Emilia (* 1837 + 26-6-1893)
= Pasquale Gagliardi
F3. Marchese Ernesto (* Napoli 19-6-1838 + ?), Regia Guardia del Corpo del Re delle Due
Sicilie.
E8. Marchesa Aurora (* Portici 7-9-1811 + ?).
E9. Marchesa Anna Maria (+ Caserta 1-2-1844)
= 26-11-1830 Giuseppe Palmieri dei Marchesi di Monferrato, Nobile di Monopoli
E10. Marchesa Carolina (* Portici 17-11-1813 + ivi 7-10-1845)
= 9-6-1834 Michele dei Marchesi Friozzi, Nobile di Capua
E11. Marchesa Chiara (* 12 e + 29-8-1815).
E12. Marchese Filippo (* 7-10-1816 + Aversa 4-9-1882)
= Nola 4-9-1862 Clorinda Margherita Colombo
E13. Marchesa Teresa (* 4-11-1818 + ?)
= Aversa 3 o 5-3-1859 Giuseppe Andreazzi (?)
E14. Marchesa Angela Maria (* 14-5-1820 + 2-3-1862).
E15. Marchesa Cesarina (* Napoli 4-11-1821 + Aversa 25-1-1822).
E16. Marchesa Margherita (* Aversa 19-6-1823 + 3-3-1918)
= 23-2-1843 il Barone (titolo muratiano) Enrico Brocchetti
D7. Marchesa Maria Antonia (* Napoli 3-7-1784 + ?).
D8. Marchesa Francesca (* 1787 + 18-1-1854)
= Cesa 30-11-1802 il Barone (titolo muratiano) Gaetano Bellelli (* Capaccio 4-9-1780 + Vietri
17-9-1838, sepolto nella cappella di famiglia a Capaccio).
C11. Nobile Maria Giuseppa (* Napoli 7-3-1756 + ?).
C12. Nobile Maria Rosa (* Napoli 3-3-1758 + ?).
C13. Marchesa Nicoletta
= Napoli 6-10-1765 Cesare Biscione
C14. Marchese Giovanni Battista
= 18-12-180… Angela Maria Palomba, figlia di Francesco 2° Marchese di Cesa e di Elena Morosini
(* 27-8-1752 + 3-3-1817), già vedova del fratello Francesco.
B5. Nobile Caterina (* 1698 + ?).
B6. Nobile Cecilia (* 21-11-1701 + ?), monaca nel monastero di Santa Chiara a Napoli.
B7. Nobile Giovanna
= 17… Aniello ……
A2. (ex 1°) Nobile Stefano (* Roma 10-8-1661 + Napoli 22-11-1712)
= Napoli 5-10-1681 Anna de Curtis
B1. Giuseppe (+ 3-1-1732), Barone di Ascea dal 17-11-1731.
= Vittoria …………
C1. Stefano (* 15-5-1719 + Napoli 16-3-1761), Barone di Ascea dal 1732.
a) = 7-1-1735 Teodora Santoro
b) = 14-10-1753 Margherita ………..
D1. (ex 1°) Giuseppe (* 29-7-1737 + ?), Barone di Ascea dal 1761.
= Francesca ………..
D2. (ex 1°) Grazia (* 29-12-1739 + ?).
D3. (ex 1°) Grazia (* 19-10-1741 + ?).
D4. (ex 1°) Francesco (* 4-6-1743 o 1749 + ?).
D5. (ex 1°) Matteo (* Napoli 24-2-1745 + ?)
= Francesca Gagliardi dei Baroni di Camella
D6. (ex 1°) Francesco Maria (* Napoli 25-10-1747 + ?).
D7. (ex 1°) Francesco (* 15-4-1750 + ?).
D8. (ex 2°) Camillo (* 5-10-1754 + 8-11-1815).
D9. (ex 2°) Vincenza (* Napoli 12-10-1755 + ?)
= 20-6-1777 Gaetano Marano dei Marchesi di Petruro
D10. (ex 2°) Gaetano (* 8-10-1756 + ?).
D11. (ex 2°) Nicola (* Napoli 20-10-1757 + ?), Barone di Ascea (ultimo).
= Petruro 24-1-1778 Giovanna Marano dei Marchesi di Petruro
E1. Ippolita (* 1778 + 6-10-1867)
= Napoli 24-5-1804 Don Giovanni Quarto dei Duchi di Belgioioso, Patrizio di Salerno (v.)
E2. Marianna (* Napoli 12-4-1779 + 9-3-1844)
= Carlo Callirelli (o Callicelli)
E3. Maria Camilla (* 2-4-1781 + ?).
E4. Stefano (* Napoli 30-7-1782 + ivi 25-9-1784).
E5. Maria Luisa (* Napoli 9-7-1783 + ?).
E6. Francesco (* Napoli 6-11-1784 + ?).
E7. Maria Giuseppa (* Napoli 22-2-1786 + ?).
E8. Andrea (* 30-4-1787 + ?).
E9. Maria Raffaella (* Napoli 22-1-1789 + ?).
E10. Vincenzo (* Napoli 14-6-1790 + ?).
E11. Maria Antonia (* 1793 + 6-2-1816).
E12. Gaetano (* 178…… + 6-7-1860).
D12. (ex 2°) Aniello (* Napoli 19-4-1759 + 18-7-1823).
D13. (ex 2°) Pasquale (* Napoli 15-4-1760 + ?).
D14. (ex 2°) Stefano (* postumo, Napoli 1-7-1761 + ivi 5-4-1766).
C2. Gaetano (* Napoli 30-12-1721 + ?).
C3. Maria (* Napoli 7-9-1723 + ?).
C4. Grazia (* Napoli 15-9/10-1725 + ?).
A3. (ex 1°) Nobile Aniello
A4. (ex 1°) Nobile Giuseppe
A5. (ex 1°) Nobile Onofrio
A Monsampolo del Tronto svelati in anteprima i veri codici di Leonardo!
MONSAMPOLO DEL TRONTO - La piece teatrale "Della Rosa Fronzuta saro' Pellegrino"di Princess Yasmin svela che sulla Tovaglia del Cenacolo Leonardo dipinse la Sindone!
La principessa Yasmin von Hohenstaufen, in relazione alle dichiarazioni dell'Assessore alla cultura di Mi.Prof Sgarbi che sollecita la disponibilita' del Cenacolo ai visitatori, in quanto l'opera e' da considerarsi della medesima valenza artistica di una sindone, ha replicato che " il Cenacolo non e' solo importante come una sindone", ma che "l'originale fattura, riporta la Sindone vera e propria" ,sulla tovaglia imbandita e parzialmente su pareti e porte del dipinto. A svelarlo, la Principessa Archeologa ,Storico e Critico d' Arte ,Yasmin von Hohenstaufen , pronipote di Federico II che ha gia' scoperto la Sindone presso Federico II , individuando le Bende in una Cappella di Famiglia.La notizia ha anche un fondamento documentale negli archivi del Castello d'Amboise, dove visse Leonardo. Il Castello apparteneva infatti ai Duchi Principi Avril ou Aubry d'Amboise , antenati della Principessa Yasmin.
La Principessa Yasmin svela il vero Segreto del Codice di Leonardo: Anche la GIOCONDA PORTA IL CODICE DELLA Sua tecnica pittorica che ricorre a velature cromatiche o
giochi di onde(Gioconda) . La mano destra che poggia lievemente sul carpo della mano sinistra indica Dinastia della Carpa(Profezia di Stupor Mundi) Kar-significa Fortis o Boaz, nelle carte del Graal ,
I restauri al Cenacolo potrebbero aver cancellato chiaroscuri vibranti in un palinsesto di lettura da
criptare , che e' rimasto, tuttavia, nelle foto pregresse ai ritocchi.
Il cenacolo di Leonardo cela sul bordo della Tovaglia da Tavola , partendo dalla sinistra di chi guarda, le Bende di Cristo, custodite dai discendenti di Federico II ed Isabella d'Anjou:Avril de Saint Genis, Burey d'Anjou Hohenstaufen D'Imavrincourt de Masquinaud , ovvero i Ghibellini nascosti:conferma negli Archivi della Santa Colomba a Saint Genis e ad Angoumois.
E' possibile che Leonardo fosse un figlio naturale di tale dinastia ,di cui conosceva la vera ascendenza graalica, nei Priorati di Sion, in quanto il padre Ser Pietro fu notaio in Francia di tale Famiglia.
Princessa Yasmin von Hohenstaufen Avril de Burey d' Anjou Puoti svela il mistero del Cenacolo di Leonardo da Vinci : Sulla Tavola imbandita c'e' il Sudarium o Bende di Cristo custodite dalla Dinastia di Giacomo il Giusto, di Pedaia o Fortis o della Carpa,Pietra d'Angolo:e' la Sancta propago
detta Gioconda (la Niphi Nero' ovvero della Signora dell'Acqua, dinastia Avril de Burey d'Anjou Hohenstaufen, ramo plantageneta di Stupor Mundi). L'opera e' intimamente collegata ai misteri della Gioconda. Leonardo quindi seppe che la Sindone o Bende erano custodite da tale Dinastia.
Conferme esoteriche in tutta l'opera di Leonardo che senza dubbio vide le preziose reliquie. Leonardo protestava la sua stessa discendenza dalla Dinastia di Avril de Burey Anjou de la Roche de Saint Genis Niphi Nero' ossia Imavrincourt de Masquinaud , i ghibellini Nascosti. E' possibile, dichiara la Principessa nel saggio Pellegrini della Rosa che Leonardo abbia prestato il suo volto per una copia della Sindone, in quanto dinastia della Carpa , ossia Ichtius , ovvero Kar , Fortis -Boaz , ma perche' vide la vera presso Gli Hohenstaufen Plantagenets, nell'Ordine della Sacra Colomba a Saint Genis.
La stessa principessa autrice della scoperta che la sindone , le bende di Cristo erano custodite da Federico II, nella pièce svela inoltre:
"La sindone e le bende di Cristo furono custodite a Parma , da un'ignaro ladrone di nome Cortopasso, e sottratte a Federico II, insieme al tesoro imperiale a Vittoria, durante la sconfitta di Parma il 12 febbraio 1248". Emerge dagli archivi inediti della Hohenstaufen house Avril de Burey Anjou Plantagenet Puoti Canmore Comneno,e cronache inedite di Padre Elia , generale dei monaci francescani, il quale dopo il recupero delle preziose reliquie, a Parma, (inviando in missione Frate
Guglielmo ,che attraverso un lavoro sottile di intelligençe durato sei mesi, riusci' a individuare dove le aveva buttate Cortopasso, ritenendoli stracci inutili e senza valore,dopo aver venduto gran parte dei tesori) le custodi' fino alla morte di Federico II a Castelfiorentino.Federico , come tutti sanno , quella mattina ando' A CACCIA CON IL DILETTO FIGLIO Manfredi .I messaggeri legati del Papa ne approfittarono per incitare i parmensi ad assalire Victoria, la cittadella che Federico II aveva costruito nei dintorni di Parma assediata. Victoria fu devastata e il tesoro imperiale derubato. Federico II fu costretto a rifugiarsi a Borgo San Donnino. I terribili giorni di Parma sono evocati in una pièce della pronipote Princess Yasmin von Hohenstaufen ad Arles, unitamente agli ultimi momenti di vita dell'imperatore, in quanto i piedi ostinatamenti gelati lo ricondussero ai giorni di Parma quando si congelarono i calzari e fu privato di ogni condimento di silfio di cirenaica, della corona, dei tesori e delle danzatrici
d'oriente.
La convolgente notizia emerge dalla pièce teatrale "della rosa fronzuta saro' Pellegrino" di Princess Yasmin von Hohenstaufen ad Arles, in Francia.In Italia la pièce ha debuttato il 20 luglio 06 al Chiostro di San Francesco di Monsampolo del Tronto Regista attore Vincenzo di Bonaventura che ne ha dato una interpretazione sublime.L'opera, dichiarata Patrimonio dell'umanita' dall'unesco e' stata definita la "Divina Commedia del terzo millennio". Il titolo dell'opera evoca la rosa fronzuta , che non e' semplice manifesto della scuola poetica siciliana, bensi' va letta in codice." La Rosa fronzuta "sono le bende di Cristo di cui e' stato derubato l'imperatore che non riesce a darsi pace e va pellegrino per il mondo a cercarle, poiche' Tale Rosa fronzuta in quanto e' tagliate a fasce, come le bende di Cristo ha su ogni cosa al mondo e su tutte le donne piu' valore!"
luglio 2006
Malcolm III (1058-1093) (son of Duncan I ,dynasty of King Poto son of King Adelchi)
Malcolm married Ingibiorg, daughter of Finn Amasson, widow of Thorlinn, Jarl of Orkney, When she died, he married St. Margaret. One source I have says she was the daughter of Edward Atheling, two others say she was the sister of Edward Atheling. Most likely she was the sister of Atheling and was the great-niece of Edward the Confessor. Duncan II was Malcolm' s son by first marriage. Other sons were Edgar 1098-1107, Alexander 1107-1124 (married an illegitimate daughter of Henry I) and David I (The Saint) 1124-1153. These were children by the second marriage with Margaret. They had six sons in all.
David I had a son Henry, the Earl of Huntingdon, who was never on the throne. He and his wife, Ada, had Malcolm IV (The Maiden) who ruled from 1153 to 1165 and William I (The Lion) who ruled from 1165 to 1214. William's son Alexander II (1214-1249 married Joan, the daughter of John, King of England. His son Alexander III ruled from 1249-1286 and married Margaret, the daughter of Henry III, King of England. Their child, Margaret married the King of Norway and had Margaret, the Maid of Norway who was crowned from 1286-1290.
The reign of Malcolm III, or Canmore as he was known, began the rule of the house of Canmore. This house continued to preside for over two centuries. Canmore means big head or great chief. After the defeat of his father, Malcolm took refuge with his uncle in Northumbir and acquired Anglo-Sxon attitudes. Margaret, his second wife, had a lot of influence over him and through her he substituted Saxon for Gaelic as the court language. His dream was to expand his kingdom into England but this was not to be as William the Conqueror advanced into Scotland in 1072. He made jeweled bindings for her religious books although he could not read them.
Margaret was a much loved and very devout queen. She had travelled widely in Europe and when she came to Scotland she was determined to change the manner of the court both in fashion and standards of behavior. Nobles were forbidden to fight or get drunk at court and she gave each noble his own drinking cup. Margaret was allowed to use her husband's money to help the poor by giving them food, shelter and clothing. She also encouraged trade with foreign merchants. Under her influence, life became more civilized. She also founded many monasteries and tried to bring her Roman Church close together with the Celtic church. Margaret was canonized in 1251.
Malcolm's son was taken as hostage to the English court. In later years, 1093, he decided to invade England for the 5th time. Magaret was very ill in Edinburgh Castle and begged him not to got but he would not listen. Soon after the fighting commenced, he was killed.
Margaret received the news four days later, and being on her deathbed herself, died almost immediately. Soon after his death, Edinburgh Castle was surrounded by Highlanders employed by Donald Bane, Malcolm III's brother, who planned to capture the castle and thus enable him to become king. His plan was to kill his nephews, Margaret's sons, or to put them in prison. The brothers were trapped. They had to take their mother's body to Dumferline to be buried and didn't know how they were to manage. By good fortune or a freak of nature a heavy white mist descended upon the castle and it was so dense that they were able to sneak past the Highlanders with their mother's body. They then made their escape to France. Malcolm had ruled for 35 years but the stability he had gained for Scotland disappeared after his death. A succession of kings followed.
St. Margaret
After Malcolm's death, the frontier between Scotland and England for the first time
was defined.
Donald Ban (1093-1094) (1094-1097)
Donald Ban or Bane (Fair) was the younger brother of Malcolm III. Donald claimed the crown on the grounds of tanistry at the age of 60, but was deposed a year later by Malcolm's son, Duncan, who was backed by the English King.
Duncan II (May-November 1094)
Duncan II ruled a very short time. He had spent many years as a hostage in England. His position as a English vassal was unpopular in Scotland. His stepbrother Edmund and Donald Ban combined to defeat him and he was killed. However, he granted the earliest surviving Scottish charter.
Donald Ban and Edmund (1094-1097)
Again Donald Ban became King. After being deposed he had joined forces with his cousin Edmund (note: in looking at the relationships, Donald would be an uncle of Edmund) who was a son of Malcolm and Margaret. They managed to kill Duncan II and together ruled Scotland (Donald in Scotia and Edmund in Lothian). They were opposed by Edmund's brother Edgar who declared himself a vassal of the King of England and with the help of an English army overthrew the pair. Edmund was pardoned and became a monk. Donald Ban was blinded and sentenced to life imprisonment. As a reprisal, Donald strangled his nephew David's eldest son.
Edgar (the Peaceable) (1097-1107)
Edgar was the fourth son of Malcolm Canmore and Queen Margaret. He was very submissive to England, gifted the Western Isles to King Magnus Barelegs of Norway and encouraged Anglo-Norman immigrants to Scotland. This all earned him the name of the Peaceable but it was a derrogatory term towards him. Edgar did not marry and bequeathed his kingdom to his brothers, Alexander to be monarch and David as king's lieutenant.
ALEXANDER I (the Fierce) (1107-1124)
Alexander was married to Sybilla, an illegitimate daughter of Henry I. At that time it was called a natural child. Henry I in turn was married to Alexander's sister Maud. Everything was so interrelational by marriage. Henry and Maud had no legitimate children. He was called the Fierce after dealing with an uprising in Moray. Although he was technically an English vassal, he dissuaded Scottish bishops from accepting the authority of York and appointed his mother's biographer Rugot to the see of St. Andrews. He was described as a lettered and godly man but was nicknamed "the Fierce" after dealing ruthlessly with an uprising. He died leaving no issue.
DAVID I (the Saint) (1124-53)
David was the youngest son of Margaret and Malcolm III. No one expected him to become king but his reign proved to be an outstanding one for Scotland. He married a granddaughter of Earl Siward of Northumbria and through that alliance had a legitimate claim to a large part of northern England. He had been a prisoner of his uncle Donald Bane but escaped and was brought up at the court of Henry I. He became familiar with English and Norman ways. He was treated well by Henry who arranged a marriage for him to the heiress of vast Northumberland estates. Henry appointed him the ruler of Cumbria, thereby increasing his power. When Henry died he took advantage of the confusion and inaction to press into England taking Carlisle and Newcastle before he was defeated at the battle of the Standard. King Stephen (of England) at the time was not in a position to alienate the Scottish king and by the Treaty of Durham David gained control of Northumbria. As Earl of Huntingdon, David had to swear an oath of loyalty to the English king. Having been brought up in England when he returned to Scotland to succeed Alexander, he took with him powerful Anglo-Norman influences which would eventually transform Scottish society. David's Norman friends soon held most of the important positions within the Church and State. He issued the first Scottish coinage and honored his mother's piety by establishing monastic center. David gave the Normans lands which meant they the Normans gained landowner privileges and authority over the lives of those living on their land. In the lowlands the Celtic ways of tribe and kinship were replaced by the new feudal system of laws and regulations. David influenced language development so that while Gaelic was spoken by highlanders, Inglis, a Scottish variant of English, was adopted in the south. His reign enhanced the prestige of the monarchy. He maintained order, and overcame his enemies partly with the support from the Normans by establishing royal burghs and shires and a system of control over the people. He was deeply religious as was his mother and he founded many abbeys. The king assigned lands to the abbey and in return gained protection and spiritual support from the abbots, monks and clergy. His only son Earl Henry died in 1152. He was married to the daughter of the Earl of Surrey and they had three children, Malcolm IV, Will the Lion and David. He appointed his grandson Malcolm as his successor.
Eulogy on David's death: O desolate Scotia, who shall console thee now? He is no more who made an untilled and barren land a land that is pleasant and plenteous.
David I and his grandson Malcolm IV
MALCOLM IV (the Maiden) (1153-65)
Malcolm was known as the Maiden because he never married and maintained a vow of chastity. Malcolm was only 11 years old when he came to the throne. There were several rebellions during his reign because his succession was disputed. However it was during his reign that the first references were made in written charters to the "Kingdom of Scotland." He was forced to renounce his rights to Northumbria when Henry II became king of England. Although this improved Scotland's relationship with England, the Scottish nobles were not pleased.
WILLIAM THE LION (1165-1214)
William succeeded his unmarried brother, Malcolm IV. He got his name because of the emblem he adopted for his armor. Armor encased a knight from head to toe and made him unrecognizable. Therefore, each knight adopted an emblem to be recognized by one another. William's was a "roaring, clawing beast of blood in red on a yellow background" - the Lion Rampant. This became the emblem of Scotland. William ruled for 49 years which made him the longest reigning monarch in Scotland up to that time. His brother had made peace with King Henry of England but William led an army to Northumberland to take Alnwick Castle. He was defeated, captured and imprisoned in Normandy. The price of his release was his kingdom. He was released after he accepted Henry II as overlord of Scotland. Henry died 15 years later and Richard Coeur-de-Lion came to the English throne. Richard's ambition in life was to go on a crusade. He needed money for such an undertaking and William the Lion was able to buy back the sovereignty in 1189 by giving 10,000 merks to Richard I's third crusade, thereby being released from being a vassal of the English king. William produced a son (and several daughters), Alexander II. He paid a dowry of 15,000 merks to secure the marriage of his two daughters to King John's sons but this bargain was broken by the English king.
ALEXANDER II (1214 - 1249) The Great Seal of Alexander II
Alexander succeeded William when William died in 1214. When Alexander came to the throne, King John (England) declared he would hunt the red fox cub from his den. Alexander backed the barons who made John seal the Magna Carta in 1215. By marrying John's daughter, Joan, Alexander became the brother in law of the new English King Henry III. He demanded the return of William the Lion's dowry, as well as the return of Northumbria. A treaty of York in 1236 fixed the Border on the Tweed-Solway line. Alexander's relationship with England was diplomatic rather than warlike. Alexander's second marriage was to Marie de Coucy. This offended the English because they feared a French-Scottish alliance (the auld Alliance). Alexander II made Scotland stronger than it had ever been. He attended to parts of the country that were causing trouble. For instance, he determined to subdue the disturbances in the lands of Argyll. He prepared a fleet to sail up the Clyde in 1221. Unfortunately, he failed to take the stormy September weather and tides into account and was forced to return to Glasgow. The next year he took his army across country to Argyll and reestablished order. To make sure that peace would continue, he transferred the titles of disloyal nobles' lands to more amenable and reliable subjects. In that same year he had trouble with a different kind of rebellion. Bishop Adam of Caithness had been charging the people double the amount that was usual for the support of the church. The people had complained many times but the Bishop ignored their complaints until 300 angry people stormed their way towards the Bishop's palace. His servants ran to the Earl of Caithness to ask for help. The Earl said that if the Bishop was afraid, he should come to the Earl's castle. In the meantime the crowd had seized the bishop, stripped and beaten him and then carried him to his kitchen fire and roasted him alive. Alexander was just preparing to attack England when this news reached him. He went to Caithness and the people paid dearly. He also confiscated half the lands belonging to the Earl of Caithness to punish him for his lack of assistance to Bishop Adam. Like David I, Alexander granted lands for the construction of cathedrals and abbeys. He awarded the Bishop of Moray the seat at the Elgin Cathedral and gave permission for the building of three new abbeys, Pluscarden Abbey, Beauly Abbey and Ardchatten Abbey. These abbeys were peopled by Benedictine monks called Valliscaulians who operated under a very strict code. Before Alexander died he tried to regain the Western Isles (Hebrides) from King Haakon IV of Norway. Before he could reach them he became ill and died on the island of Kerrera, off Oban on July 8, 1249.
ALEXANDER III (1249-86)
Alexander was only 8 when he inherited the kingdom of Scotland from his father. A regent was to be appointed but the nobles could not agree and the country suffered internal turmoil until Alexander came of age. At 10 he married Henry III's daughter, Margaret. During his childhood he established good relations with Edward I, his brother-in-law. At this time Scotland had a population of about 400,000 and was enjoying an age of prosperity. Berwick was growing rich on foreign trade. Wool, fur and fish were exported. The ownership of the Western Isles was the first problem he faced after his coronation. The Earl of Ross had declared war upon King Haakon of Norway to try and regain possession of the Western Isles. This terrified the local people for they could remember the fierce Viking raids which persisted into the 13th century. Haakon sailed from Norway in 1263 with a fleet of over 100 ships. The ships were of solid oak with a golden dragon at the bow and stern, an impressive sight. Astronomers have confirmed that the day after his arrival in the Orkneys there was a total eclipse of the sun. The Norwegian soldiers considered the eclipse to be a bad omen. Haakon, however, continued to advance. Alexander in the meanwhile reinforced all the castles on the shore and gathered a large army at the place where he thought Haakon would come ashore. He waited, knowing that there was a probability of terrible storms during September and October. As it happened a great storm did blow through Haakon's ships. The Norwegians believed that the storm was caused by the magic of Scottish witches. The Scots on the other hand felt that the storm had been sent by St. Margaret to save their country. A battle did take place on land but Haakon's fleet had been so decimated by the storms that he decided to retreat and he returned home. Haakon died shortly after that and Alexander III secured a treaty with his successor, King Magnus. This was the Treaty of Perth whereby Alexander regained the Western Isles by paying 4000 merks to the Norwegians and 100 merks a year for an indefinite period. The yearly payment continued into the 14th century. Orkney and Shetland remained under the control of the Norwegians and it was a long time before they too became a part of Scotland. His wife Margaret, and soon after two of their sons died (one source saying that two sons died and then his wife, Margaret, died). Alexander took a second wife, Yolande in hopes of producing a male heir. He had only been married to Yolande for about 5 months when eager to be with her he rode at night during a storm against advice. His horse stumbled and threw him over a cliff to his death. This left his granddaughter Margaret, Maid of Norway, as heir apparent. Alexander's only daughter, also named Margaret, had married King Eric II of Norway as part of the Treaty of Perth. The daughter died in childbirth, leaving an infant daughter as heir to the Scottish throne. At the time of Alexander's death, the granddaughter was still in Norway. He had made his lords swear to accept Margaret as Queen and they had agreed that until she came of age, the country would be governed by the "Guardians", the wisest and most important of the bishops and barons. Among the six guardians chosen, Robert Bruce the elder was excluded, although he had been recognized as heir in 1238 when Alexander II had lost his first wife without issue. Bruce the elder was the senior male descendant of David I. Because of the events that followed, it would take nearly half a century for Scotland to regain its own monarch and sovereignty.
MARGARET MAID OF NORWAY (1286-90)
The Maid of Norway was 3 when she became Queen of Scotland. The Guardians sent envoys to Edward I (Alexander III's brother-in-law) seeking his advice. Cunningly, Edward, who wanted to be recognized as the overlord of Scotland, arranged a dispensation from the Pope for a marriage between his son and the young queen. By the Treaty of Birgham-on-Tweed, the Scottish agreed to the marriage. Their terms at first seemed to allow for Scotland's independence but there were qualifications. Edward, the heir, was to receive a personal right to the Scottish inheritance if the Prince of Wales (Edward) and Margaret, or either of them, should have no heir, and Edward remarried. He could then pass the right to Scotland to his heirs by another wife. How this would have turned out, we cannot know because Margaret died on the voyage from Norway, thus bringing into question who had the right to the Scottish throne. It has been argued that if the marriage had succeeded that England and Scotland would have been united and three centuries of bloody warfare would have been avoided. But this argument can be countered with what we know of Edward, that to him 'union' meant 'suzerainty' and his methods to exploit this opportunity were characterized by arrogance and brutality which in effect aroused a native patriotism and hatred of England in the Scots and "made the idea of union intolerable to Scottish hearts." The death of the Maid of Norway ended the House of Canmore.
Next, the Claimants, the Competitors, and the House of Balliol.
Malcolm III (1058-1093) (son of Duncan I ,dynasty of King Poto or Puoti , son of King Adelchi)
Malcolm married Ingibiorg, daughter of Finn Amasson, widow of Thorlinn, Jarl of Orkney, When she died, he married St. Margaret. One source I have says she was the daughter of Edward Atheling, two others say she was the sister of Edward Atheling. Most likely she was the sister of Atheling and was the great-niece of Edward the Confessor. Duncan II was Malcolm' s son by first marriage. Other sons were Edgar 1098-1107, Alexander 1107-1124 (married an illegitimate daughter of Henry I) and David I (The Saint) 1124-1153. These were children by the second marriage with Margaret. They had six sons in all.
David I had a son Henry, the Earl of Huntingdon, who was never on the throne. He and his wife, Ada, had Malcolm IV (The Maiden) who ruled from 1153 to 1165 and William I (The Lion) who ruled from 1165 to 1214. William's son Alexander II (1214-1249 married Joan, the daughter of John, King of England. His son Alexander III ruled from 1249-1286 and married Margaret, the daughter of Henry III, King of England. Their child, Margaret married the King of Norway and had Margaret, the Maid of Norway who was crowned from 1286-1290.
The reign of Malcolm III, or Canmore as he was known, began the rule of the house of Canmore. This house continued to preside for over two centuries. Canmore means big head or great chief. After the defeat of his father, Malcolm took refuge with his uncle in Northumbir and acquired Anglo-Sxon attitudes. Margaret, his second wife, had a lot of influence over him and through her he substituted Saxon for Gaelic as the court language. His dream was to expand his kingdom into England but this was not to be as William the Conqueror advanced into Scotland in 1072. He made jeweled bindings for her religious books although he could not read them.
Margaret was a much loved and very devout queen. She had travelled widely in Europe and when she came to Scotland she was determined to change the manner of the court both in fashion and standards of behavior. Nobles were forbidden to fight or get drunk at court and she gave each noble his own drinking cup. Margaret was allowed to use her husband's money to help the poor by giving them food, shelter and clothing. She also encouraged trade with foreign merchants. Under her influence, life became more civilized. She also founded many monasteries and tried to bring her Roman Church close together with the Celtic church. Margaret was canonized in 1251.
Malcolm's son was taken as hostage to the English court. In later years, 1093, he decided to invade England for the 5th time. Magaret was very ill in Edinburgh Castle and begged him not to got but he would not listen. Soon after the fighting commenced, he was killed.
Margaret received the news four days later, and being on her deathbed herself, died almost immediately. Soon after his death, Edinburgh Castle was surrounded by Highlanders employed by Donald Bane, Malcolm III's brother, who planned to capture the castle and thus enable him to become king. His plan was to kill his nephews, Margaret's sons, or to put them in prison. The brothers were trapped. They had to take their mother's body to Dumferline to be buried and didn't know how they were to manage. By good fortune or a freak of nature a heavy white mist descended upon the castle and it was so dense that they were able to sneak past the Highlanders with their mother's body. They then made their escape to France. Malcolm had ruled for 35 years but the stability he had gained for Scotland disappeared after his death. A succession of kings followed.
St. Margaret
After Malcolm's death, the frontier between Scotland and England for the first time
was defined.
Donald Ban (1093-1094) (1094-1097)
Donald Ban or Bane (Fair) was the younger brother of Malcolm III. Donald claimed the crown on the grounds of tanistry at the age of 60, but was deposed a year later by Malcolm's son, Duncan, who was backed by the English King.
Duncan II (May-November 1094)
Duncan II ruled a very short time. He had spent many years as a hostage in England. His position as a English vassal was unpopular in Scotland. His stepbrother Edmund and Donald Ban combined to defeat him and he was killed. However, he granted the earliest surviving Scottish charter.
Donald Ban and Edmund (1094-1097)
Again Donald Ban became King. After being deposed he had joined forces with his cousin Edmund (note: in looking at the relationships, Donald would be an uncle of Edmund) who was a son of Malcolm and Margaret. They managed to kill Duncan II and together ruled Scotland (Donald in Scotia and Edmund in Lothian). They were opposed by Edmund's brother Edgar who declared himself a vassal of the King of England and with the help of an English army overthrew the pair. Edmund was pardoned and became a monk. Donald Ban was blinded and sentenced to life imprisonment. As a reprisal, Donald strangled his nephew David's eldest son.
Edgar (the Peaceable) (1097-1107)
Edgar was the fourth son of Malcolm Canmore and Queen Margaret. He was very submissive to England, gifted the Western Isles to King Magnus Barelegs of Norway and encouraged Anglo-Norman immigrants to Scotland. This all earned him the name of the Peaceable but it was a derrogatory term towards him. Edgar did not marry and bequeathed his kingdom to his brothers, Alexander to be monarch and David as king's lieutenant.
ALEXANDER I (the Fierce) (1107-1124)
Alexander was married to Sybilla, an illegitimate daughter of Henry I. At that time it was called a natural child. Henry I in turn was married to Alexander's sister Maud. Everything was so interrelational by marriage. Henry and Maud had no legitimate children. He was called the Fierce after dealing with an uprising in Moray. Although he was technically an English vassal, he dissuaded Scottish bishops from accepting the authority of York and appointed his mother's biographer Rugot to the see of St. Andrews. He was described as a lettered and godly man but was nicknamed "the Fierce" after dealing ruthlessly with an uprising. He died leaving no issue.
DAVID I (the Saint) (1124-53)
David was the youngest son of Margaret and Malcolm III. No one expected him to become king but his reign proved to be an outstanding one for Scotland. He married a granddaughter of Earl Siward of Northumbria and through that alliance had a legitimate claim to a large part of northern England. He had been a prisoner of his uncle Donald Bane but escaped and was brought up at the court of Henry I. He became familiar with English and Norman ways. He was treated well by Henry who arranged a marriage for him to the heiress of vast Northumberland estates. Henry appointed him the ruler of Cumbria, thereby increasing his power. When Henry died he took advantage of the confusion and inaction to press into England taking Carlisle and Newcastle before he was defeated at the battle of the Standard. King Stephen (of England) at the time was not in a position to alienate the Scottish king and by the Treaty of Durham David gained control of Northumbria. As Earl of Huntingdon, David had to swear an oath of loyalty to the English king. Having been brought up in England when he returned to Scotland to succeed Alexander, he took with him powerful Anglo-Norman influences which would eventually transform Scottish society. David's Norman friends soon held most of the important positions within the Church and State. He issued the first Scottish coinage and honored his mother's piety by establishing monastic center. David gave the Normans lands which meant they the Normans gained landowner privileges and authority over the lives of those living on their land. In the lowlands the Celtic ways of tribe and kinship were replaced by the new feudal system of laws and regulations. David influenced language development so that while Gaelic was spoken by highlanders, Inglis, a Scottish variant of English, was adopted in the south. His reign enhanced the prestige of the monarchy. He maintained order, and overcame his enemies partly with the support from the Normans by establishing royal burghs and shires and a system of control over the people. He was deeply religious as was his mother and he founded many abbeys. The king assigned lands to the abbey and in return gained protection and spiritual support from the abbots, monks and clergy. His only son Earl Henry died in 1152. He was married to the daughter of the Earl of Surrey and they had three children, Malcolm IV, Will the Lion and David. He appointed his grandson Malcolm as his successor.
Eulogy on David's death: O desolate Scotia, who shall console thee now? He is no more who made an untilled and barren land a land that is pleasant and plenteous.
David I and his grandson Malcolm IV
MALCOLM IV (the Maiden) (1153-65)
Malcolm was known as the Maiden because he never married and maintained a vow of chastity. Malcolm was only 11 years old when he came to the throne. There were several rebellions during his reign because his succession was disputed. However it was during his reign that the first references were made in written charters to the "Kingdom of Scotland." He was forced to renounce his rights to Northumbria when Henry II became king of England. Although this improved Scotland's relationship with England, the Scottish nobles were not pleased.
WILLIAM THE LION (1165-1214)
William succeeded his unmarried brother, Malcolm IV. He got his name because of the emblem he adopted for his armor. Armor encased a knight from head to toe and made him unrecognizable. Therefore, each knight adopted an emblem to be recognized by one another. William's was a "roaring, clawing beast of blood in red on a yellow background" - the Lion Rampant. This became the emblem of Scotland. William ruled for 49 years which made him the longest reigning monarch in Scotland up to that time. His brother had made peace with King Henry of England but William led an army to Northumberland to take Alnwick Castle. He was defeated, captured and imprisoned in Normandy. The price of his release was his kingdom. He was released after he accepted Henry II as overlord of Scotland. Henry died 15 years later and Richard Coeur-de-Lion came to the English throne. Richard's ambition in life was to go on a crusade. He needed money for such an undertaking and William the Lion was able to buy back the sovereignty in 1189 by giving 10,000 merks to Richard I's third crusade, thereby being released from being a vassal of the English king. William produced a son (and several daughters), Alexander II. He paid a dowry of 15,000 merks to secure the marriage of his two daughters to King John's sons but this bargain was broken by the English king.
ALEXANDER II (1214 - 1249) The Great Seal of Alexander II
Alexander succeeded William when William died in 1214. When Alexander came to the throne, King John (England) declared he would hunt the red fox cub from his den. Alexander backed the barons who made John seal the Magna Carta in 1215. By marrying John's daughter, Joan, Alexander became the brother in law of the new English King Henry III. He demanded the return of William the Lion's dowry, as well as the return of Northumbria. A treaty of York in 1236 fixed the Border on the Tweed-Solway line. Alexander's relationship with England was diplomatic rather than warlike. Alexander's second marriage was to Marie de Coucy. This offended the English because they feared a French-Scottish alliance (the auld Alliance). Alexander II made Scotland stronger than it had ever been. He attended to parts of the country that were causing trouble. For instance, he determined to subdue the disturbances in the lands of Argyll. He prepared a fleet to sail up the Clyde in 1221. Unfortunately, he failed to take the stormy September weather and tides into account and was forced to return to Glasgow. The next year he took his army across country to Argyll and reestablished order. To make sure that peace would continue, he transferred the titles of disloyal nobles' lands to more amenable and reliable subjects. In that same year he had trouble with a different kind of rebellion. Bishop Adam of Caithness had been charging the people double the amount that was usual for the support of the church. The people had complained many times but the Bishop ignored their complaints until 300 angry people stormed their way towards the Bishop's palace. His servants ran to the Earl of Caithness to ask for help. The Earl said that if the Bishop was afraid, he should come to the Earl's castle. In the meantime the crowd had seized the bishop, stripped and beaten him and then carried him to his kitchen fire and roasted him alive. Alexander was just preparing to attack England when this news reached him. He went to Caithness and the people paid dearly. He also confiscated half the lands belonging to the Earl of Caithness to punish him for his lack of assistance to Bishop Adam. Like David I, Alexander granted lands for the construction of cathedrals and abbeys. He awarded the Bishop of Moray the seat at the Elgin Cathedral and gave permission for the building of three new abbeys, Pluscarden Abbey, Beauly Abbey and Ardchatten Abbey. These abbeys were peopled by Benedictine monks called Valliscaulians who operated under a very strict code. Before Alexander died he tried to regain the Western Isles (Hebrides) from King Haakon IV of Norway. Before he could reach them he became ill and died on the island of Kerrera, off Oban on July 8, 1249.
ALEXANDER III (1249-86)
Alexander was only 8 when he inherited the kingdom of Scotland from his father. A regent was to be appointed but the nobles could not agree and the country suffered internal turmoil until Alexander came of age. At 10 he married Henry III's daughter, Margaret. During his childhood he established good relations with Edward I, his brother-in-law. At this time Scotland had a population of about 400,000 and was enjoying an age of prosperity. Berwick was growing rich on foreign trade. Wool, fur and fish were exported. The ownership of the Western Isles was the first problem he faced after his coronation. The Earl of Ross had declared war upon King Haakon of Norway to try and regain possession of the Western Isles. This terrified the local people for they could remember the fierce Viking raids which persisted into the 13th century. Haakon sailed from Norway in 1263 with a fleet of over 100 ships. The ships were of solid oak with a golden dragon at the bow and stern, an impressive sight. Astronomers have confirmed that the day after his arrival in the Orkneys there was a total eclipse of the sun. The Norwegian soldiers considered the eclipse to be a bad omen. Haakon, however, continued to advance. Alexander in the meanwhile reinforced all the castles on the shore and gathered a large army at the place where he thought Haakon would come ashore. He waited, knowing that there was a probability of terrible storms during September and October. As it happened a great storm did blow through Haakon's ships. The Norwegians believed that the storm was caused by the magic of Scottish witches. The Scots on the other hand felt that the storm had been sent by St. Margaret to save their country. A battle did take place on land but Haakon's fleet had been so decimated by the storms that he decided to retreat and he returned home. Haakon died shortly after that and Alexander III secured a treaty with his successor, King Magnus. This was the Treaty of Perth whereby Alexander regained the Western Isles by paying 4000 merks to the Norwegians and 100 merks a year for an indefinite period. The yearly payment continued into the 14th century. Orkney and Shetland remained under the control of the Norwegians and it was a long time before they too became a part of Scotland. His wife Margaret, and soon after two of their sons died (one source saying that two sons died and then his wife, Margaret, died). Alexander took a second wife, Yolande in hopes of producing a male heir. He had only been married to Yolande for about 5 months when eager to be with her he rode at night during a storm against advice. His horse stumbled and threw him over a cliff to his death. This left his granddaughter Margaret, Maid of Norway, as heir apparent. Alexander's only daughter, also named Margaret, had married King Eric II of Norway as part of the Treaty of Perth. The daughter died in childbirth, leaving an infant daughter as heir to the Scottish throne. At the time of Alexander's death, the granddaughter was still in Norway. He had made his lords swear to accept Margaret as Queen and they had agreed that until she came of age, the country would be governed by the "Guardians", the wisest and most important of the bishops and barons. Among the six guardians chosen, Robert Bruce the elder was excluded, although he had been recognized as heir in 1238 when Alexander II had lost his first wife without issue. Bruce the elder was the senior male descendant of David I. Because of the events that followed, it would take nearly half a century for Scotland to regain its own monarch and sovereignty.
MARGARET MAID OF NORWAY (1286-90)
The Maid of Norway was 3 when she became Queen of Scotland. The Guardians sent envoys to Edward I (Alexander III's brother-in-law) seeking his advice. Cunningly, Edward, who wanted to be recognized as the overlord of Scotland, arranged a dispensation from the Pope for a marriage between his son and the young queen. By the Treaty of Birgham-on-Tweed, the Scottish agreed to the marriage. Their terms at first seemed to allow for Scotland's independence but there were qualifications. Edward, the heir, was to receive a personal right to the Scottish inheritance if the Prince of Wales (Edward) and Margaret, or either of them, should have no heir, and Edward remarried. He could then pass the right to Scotland to his heirs by another wife. How this would have turned out, we cannot know because Margaret died on the voyage from Norway, thus bringing into question who had the right to the Scottish throne. It has been argued that if the marriage had succeeded that England and Scotland would have been united and three centuries of bloody warfare would have been avoided. But this argument can be countered with what we know of Edward, that to him 'union' meant 'suzerainty' and his methods to exploit this opportunity were characterized by arrogance and brutality which in effect aroused a native patriotism and hatred of England in the Scots and "made the idea of union intolerable to Scottish hearts." The death of the Maid of Norway ended the House of Canmore.
Next, the Claimants, the Competitors, and the House of Balliol.
Helias du Maine, Count of Maine was born 1060 and married 1092. He died 11 Jul 1110. Helias married Maud de Château-du-Loire. [Parents]
Maud de Château-du-Loire was born 1055 in Château, Eure-et-Loire, France and married 1092. She died 1099. [Parents]
[Child]
William I de Normandie, King of England [scrapbook] "The Conqueror" was born circa 1028 in Falaise, Calvados département, Normandy and married 1052 or 1053. He died 9 Sep 1087 in St. Stephen's Church, Caen, Rouen. William married Matilda de Flandre, Queen Consort. [Parents]
BIOGRAPHY: William was known as The Conqueror, or The Bastard, or William Of Normandy, or (in French) Guillaume Le Conquérant, or Le Bâtard, or Guillaume De Normandie He was the duke of Normandy (as William II) from 1035 and king of England from 1066, one of the greatest soldiers and rulers of the Middle Ages. He made himself the mightiest feudal lord in France and then changed the course of England's history by his conquest of that country. William was the elder of two children of Robert I of Normandy and his concubine Herleva, or Arlette, the daughter of a burgher from the town of Falaise. In 1035 Robert died when returning from a pilgrimage to Jerusalem, and William, his only son, whom he had nominated as his heir before his departure, was accepted as duke by the Norman magnates and his feudal overlord, King Henry I of France. William and his friends had to overcome enormous obstacles. His illegitimacy (he was generally known as the Bastard) was a handicap, and he had to survive the collapse of law and order that accompanied his accession as a child. Three of William's guardians died violent deaths before he grew up, and his tutor was murdered. His father's kin were of little help; most of them thought that they stood to gain by the boy's death. But his mother managed to protect William through the most dangerous period. These early difficulties probably contributed to his strength of purpose and his dislike of lawlessness and misrule. By 1042, when William reached his 15th year, was knighted, and began to play a personal part in the affairs of his duchy, the worst was over. But his attempts to recover rights lost during the anarchy and to bring disobedient vassals and servants to heel inevitably led to trouble. From 1046 until 1055 he dealt with a series of baronial rebellions, mostly led by kinsmen. Occasionally he was in great danger and had to rely on Henry of France for help. In 1047 Henry and William defeated a coalition of Norman rebels at Val-ès-Dunes, southeast of Caen. It was in these years that William learned to fight and rule. William soon learned to control his youthful recklessness. He was always ready to take calculated risks on campaign and, most important, to fight a battle. But he was not a chivalrous or flamboyant commander. His plans were simple, his methods direct, and he exploited ruthlessly any advantage gained. If he found himself at a disadvantage, he withdrew immediately. He showed the same qualities in his government. He never lost sight of his aim to recover lost ducal rights and revenues, and, although he developed no theory of government or great interest in administrative techniques, he was always prepared to improvise and experiment. He seems to have lived a moral life by the standards of the time, and he acquired an interest in the welfare of the Norman church. He made his half brother, Odo, bishop of Bayeux in 1049 at the age of about 16, and Odo managed to combine the roles of nobleman and prelate in a way that did not greatly shock contemporaries. But William also welcomed foreign monks and scholars to Normandy. Lanfranc of Pavia, a famous master of the liberal arts, who entered the monastery of Bec about 1042, was made abbot of Caen in 1063. According to a brief description of William's person by an anonymous author, who borrowed extensively from Einhard's Life of Charlemagne, he was just above average height and had a robust, thick-set body. Though he was always sparing of food and drink, he became fat in later life. He had a rough bass voice and was a good and ready speaker. Writers of the next generation agree that he was exceptionally strong and vigorous. William was an out-of-doors man, a hunter and soldier, fierce and despotic, generally feared; uneducated, he had few graces but was intelligent and shrewd and soon obtained the respect of his rivals. After 1047 William began to take part in events outside his duchy. In support of his lord, King Henry, and in pursuit of an ambition to strengthen his southern frontier and expand into Maine, he fought a series of campaigns against Geoffrey Martel, count of Anjou. But in 1052 Henry and Geoffrey made peace, there was a serious rebellion in eastern Normandy, and, until 1054 William was again in serious danger. During this period he conducted important negotiations with his cousin Edward the Confessor, king of England, and took a wife. Norman interest in Anglo-Saxon England derived from an alliance made in 1002, when King Ethelred II of England married Emma, the sister of Count Richard II, William's grandfather. Two of her sons, William's cousins once removed, had reigned in turn in England, Hardecanute (from 1040 to 1042) and Edward the Confessor (from 1042 to 1066). William had met Edward during that prince's exile on the Continent and may well have given him some support when he returned to England in 1041. In that year Edward was about 36 and William 14. It is clear that William expected some sort of reward from Edward and, when Edward's marriage proved unfruitful, began to develop an ambition to become his kinsman's heir. Edward probably at times encouraged William's hopes. His childlessness was a diplomatic asset. In 1049 William negotiated with Baldwin V of Flanders for the hand of his daughter, Matilda. Baldwin, an imperial vassal with a distinguished lineage, was in rebellion against the Western emperor, Henry III, and in desperate need of allies. The proposed marriage was condemned as incestuous (William and Matilda were evidently related in some way) by the Emperor's friend, Pope Leo IX, at the Council of Reims in October 1049; but so anxious were the parties for the alliance that before the end of 1053, possibly in 1052, the wedding took place. In 1059 William was reconciled to the papacy, and as penance the disobedient pair built two monasteries at Caen. Four sons were born to William and Matilda: Robert (the future duke of Normandy), Richard (who died young), William Rufus (the Conqueror's successor in England), and Henry (Rufus' successor). Among the daughters was Adela, who was the mother of Stephen, king of England. Edward the Confessor was supporting the Emperor, and it is possible that William used his new alliance with Flanders to put pressure on Edward and extort an acknowledgment that he was the English king's heir. At all events, Edward seems to have made some sort of promise to William in 1051, while Tostig, son of the greatest nobleman in England, Earl Godwine, married Baldwin's half sister. The immediate purpose of this tripartite alliance was to improve the security of each of the parties. If William secured a declaration that he was Edward's heir, he was also looking very far ahead. Between 1054 and 1060 William held his own against an alliance between King Henry I and Geoffrey Martel of Anjou. Both men died in 1060 and were succeeded by weaker rulers. As a result, in 1063 William was able to conquer Maine. In 1064 or 1065 Edward sent his brother-in-law, Harold, earl of Wessex, Godwine's son and successor, on an embassy to Normandy. William took him on a campaign into Brittany, and in connection with this Harold swore an oath in which, according to Norman writers, he renewed Edward's bequest of the throne to William and promised to support it. When Edward died childless on January 5, 1066, Harold was accepted as king by the English magnates, and William decided on war. Others, however, moved more quickly. In May Tostig, Harold's exiled brother, raided England, and in September he joined the invasion forces of Harald III Hardraade, king of Norway, off the Northumbrian coast. William assembled a fleet, recruited an army, and gathered his forces in August at the mouth of the Dives River. It is likely that he originally intended to sail due north and invade England by way of the Isle of Wight and Southampton Water. Such a plan would give him an offshore base and interior lines. But adverse winds detained his fleet in harbor for a month, and in September a westerly gale drove his ships up-Channel. William regrouped his forces at Saint-Valéry on the Somme. He had suffered a costly delay, some naval losses, and a drop in the morale of his troops. On September 27, after cold and rainy weather, the wind backed south. William embarked his army and set sail for the southeast coast of England. The following morning he landed, took the unresisting towns of Pevensey and Hastings, and began to organize a bridgehead with between 4,000 and 7,000 cavalry and infantry. William's forces were in a narrow coastal strip, hemmed in by the great forest of Andred, and, although this corridor was easily defensible, it was not much of a base for the conquest of England. The campaigning season was almost past, and when William received news of his opponent it was not reassuring. On September 25 Harold had defeated and slain Tostig and Harald Hardraade at Stamford Bridge, near York, and was retracing his steps to meet the new invader. On October 13, when Harold emerged from the forest, William was taken by surprise. But the hour was too late for Harold to push on to Hastings, and he took up a defensive position. Early the next day William went out to give battle. He attacked the English phalanx with archers and cavalry but saw his army almost driven from the field. He rallied the fugitives, however, and brought them back into the fight and in the end wore down his opponents. Harold's brothers were killed early in the battle. Toward nightfall the King himself fell and the English gave up. William's coolness and tenacity secured him victory in this fateful battle, and he then moved against possible centers of resistance so quickly that he prevented a new leader from emerging. On Christmas Day 1066 he was crowned king in Westminster Abbey. In a formal sense the Norman Conquest of England had taken place. William was already an experienced ruler. In Normandy he had replaced disloyal nobles and ducal servants with his own friends, limited private warfare, and recovered usurped ducal rights, defining the feudal duties of his vassals. The Norman church flourished under his rule. He wanted a church free of corruption but subordinate to him. He would not tolerate opposition from bishops and abbots or interference from the papacy. He presided over church synods and reinforced ecclesiastical discipline with his own. In supporting Lanfranc, prior of Bec, against Berengar of Tours in their dispute over the doctrine of the Eucharist, he found himself on the side of orthodoxy. He was never guilty of the selling of church office (simony). He disapproved of clerical marriage. At the same time he was a stern and sometimes rough master, swayed by political necessities, and he was not generous to the church with his own property. The reformer Lanfranc was one of his advisers; but perhaps even more to his taste were the worldly and soldierly bishops Odo of Bayeux and Geoffrey of Coutances. William left England early in 1067 but had to return in December because of English unrest. The English rebellions that began in 1067 reached their peak in 1069 and were finally quelled in 1071. They completed the ruin of the highest English aristocracy and gave William a distaste for his newly conquered kingdom. Since his position on the Continent was deteriorating, he wanted to solve English problems as cheaply as possible. To secure England's frontiers, he invaded Scotland in 1072 and Wales in 1081 and created special defensive “marcher” counties along the Scottish and Welsh borders. In the last 15 years of his life he was more often in Normandy than in England, and there were five years, possibly seven, in which he did not visit the kingdom at all. He retained most of the greatest Anglo-Norman barons with him in Normandy and confided the government of England to bishops, trusting especially his old friend Lanfranc, whom he made archbishop of Canterbury. Much concerned that the natives should not be unnecessarily disturbed, he allowed them to retain their own laws and courts. William returned to England only when it was absolutely necessary: in 1075 to deal with the aftermath of a rebellion by Roger, earl of Hereford, and Ralf, earl of Norfolk, which was made more dangerous by the intervention of a Danish fleet; and in 1082 to arrest and imprison his half brother Odo, bishop of Bayeux and earl of Kent, who was planning to take an army to Italy, perhaps to make himself pope. In the spring of 1082 William had his son Henry knighted, and in August at Salisbury he took oaths of fealty from all the important landowners in England, whosever's vassals they might be. In 1085 he returned with a large army to meet the threat of an invasion by Canute IV (Canute the Holy) of Denmark. When this came to nothing owing to Canute's death in 1086, William ordered an economic and tenurial survey to be made of the kingdom, the results of which are summarized in the two volumes of Domesday Book. William was preoccupied with the frontiers of Normandy. The danger spots were in Maine and the Vexin on the Seine, where Normandy bordered on the French royal demesne. After 1066 William's continental neighbors became more powerful and even more hostile. In 1068 Fulk the Surly succeeded to Anjou and in 1071 Robert the Frisian to Flanders. Philip I of France allied with Robert and Robert with the Danish king, Canute IV. There was also the problem of William's heir apparent, Robert Curthose, who, given no appanage and seemingly kept short of money, left Normandy in 1077 and intrigued with his father's enemies. In 1081 William made a compromise with Fulk in the treaty of Blancheland: Robert Curthose was to be count of Maine but as a vassal of the count of Anjou. The eastern part of the Vexin, the county of Mantes, had fallen completely into King Philip's hands in 1077 when William had been busy with Maine. In 1087 William demanded from Philip the return of the towns of Chaumont, Mantes, and Pontoise. In July he entered Mantes by surprise, but while the town burned he suffered some injury from which he never recovered. He was thwarted at the very moment when he seemed about to enforce his last outstanding territorial claim. William was taken to a suburb of Rouen, where he lay dying for five weeks. He had the assistance of some of his bishops and doctors, and in attendance were his half brother Robert, count of Mortain, and his younger sons, William Rufus and Henry . Robert Curthose was with the King of France. It had probably been his intention that Robert, as was the custom, should succeed to the whole inheritance. In the circumstances he was tempted to make the loyal Rufus his sole heir. In the end he compromised: Normandy and Maine went to Robert and England to Rufus. Henry was given great treasure with which he could purchase an appanage. William died at daybreak on September 9, in his 60th year, and was buried in rather unseemly fashion in St. Stephen's Church, which he had built at Caen. William I. Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved June 27, 2003, from Encyclopædia Britannica Premium Service.
Matilda de Flandre, Queen Consort married 1052 or 1053. She died 1083. [Parents]
BIOGRAPHY: Matilda was known as (in French) Mathilde or Mahault. She was the queen consort of William I the Conqueror, whom she married. During William's absences in England, the duchy of Normandy was under her regency, with the aid of their son, Robert Curthose II, except when he was in rebellion against his father. The embroidery of the Bayeux tapestry was once wrongly attributed to her. Matilda of Flanders. Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved June 27, 2003, from Encyclopædia Britannica Premium Service.
Matilda was queen of England and the wife of William the Conqueror. She was the daughter of Count Baldwin V of Flanders and Adela (the daughter of King Robert the Pious of France). A spoiled young lady used to speaking her mind and getting her way, the 4'2"-tall Matilda (or "Maud") told the representative of William, who had come asking for her hand, that she was far too high-born (being descended from King Alfred the Great) to consider marrying a bastard. When that was repeated to him, William, all 5'10" of him, rode from Normandy to Bruges, found Matilda on her way to church, dragged her off her horse (some said by her long braids), threw her down in the street in front of her flabbergasted attendants, and then rode off. After that, she decided to marry him, and even a papal ban (on the grounds of consanguinity) did not dissuade her. There were rumors that Matilda had been in love with the English ambassador to Flanders, a Saxon so pale he was nearly an albino, named Brihtric (but nicknamed "Snow"), who was already married. Whatever the truth of the matter, years later when she was acting as regent for William in England, she used her authority to confiscate Brihtric's lands (without even any formal charges, much less a trial) and throw him into prison, where he died under suspicious circumstances consistent with poisoning. When William was preparing to invade England, Matilda outfitted a ship, the Mora, out of her own money and gave it to him. For many years it was thought that she had something to do with creating the Bayeux Tapestry, but historians no longer believe that; it seems to have been commissioned by William's half-brother Odo, Bishop of Bayeux.
Matilda bore William ten children, and he was believed to have been faithful to her, at least up until the time their son Robert rebelled against his father and Matilda sided with Robert against William. After she died, in 1083 at the age of 51, William became tyrannical, and people blamed it on his having lost her. She was buried at St. Stephen's in Caen, Normandy (then, France) and William was eventually buried there, too. Years later their graves were opened and their bones measured, which is how we know how tall they were. This information was taken from http://encyclopedia.thefreedictionary.com/Matilda%20of%20Flanders.
[Child] [Child] [Child]
Malcolm Canmore (Ceann mor, which means Great Chief or Great Head) III, King of Scotland [scrapbook] "Longneck or Great Head" was born circa 1031 in Atholl, Perthshire County, Scotland and married 1067 in Atholl, Perthshire County, Scotland. He died 13 Nov 1093 in near Alnwick, Northumberland, England and was buried 1093 in Holy Trinity Church, Dunfermline, Fifeshire, Scotland. Malcolm married Queen Margaret of Wessex. [Parents]
BIOGRAPHY: Malcolm III was the king of Scotland from 1058 to 1093 and the founder of the dynasty that consolidated royal power in the Scottish kingdom. The son of King Duncan I (who reigned from 1034 to 1040), Malcolm lived in exile in England during part of the reign of his father's murderer, Macbeth (who reigned from 1040 to 1057). Malcolm killed Macbeth in battle in 1057 and then ascended the throne. After the conquest of England by William the Conqueror, in 1066, Malcolm gave refuge to the Anglo-Saxon prince Edgar the Aetheling and his sisters, one of whom, Margaret (later St. Margaret), became his second wife. Malcolm acknowledged the overlordship of William in 1072 but nevertheless soon violated his feudal obligations and made five raids into England. During the last of these invasions he was killed by the forces of King William II Rufus (who reigned from 1087 to 1100). Except for a brief interval after Malcolm's death, the Scottish throne remained in his family until the death of Queen Margaret, the Maid of Norway, in 1290. Of Malcolm's six sons by Margaret, three succeeded to the throne: Edgar (reigned 1097 to 1107), Alexander I (1107 to 1124), and David I (1124 to 1153). Malcolm III Canmore. Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved June 25, 2003, from Encyclopædia Britannica Premium Service.
Queen Margaret of Wessex [scrapbook] "St. Margaret the Exile" was born 1042 in probably Hungary and married 1067 in Atholl, Perthshire, Scotland. She died 16 Nov 1093 in Edinburgh Castle, Edinburgh, Mid-Lothian, Scotland and was buried 1093 in Dunfermline, Fifeshire, Scotland. [Parents]
BIOGRAPHY: Queen Margaret was the queen consort of Malcolm III Canmore and patroness of Scotland. Margaret was brought up at the Hungarian court, where her father, Edward, was in exile. After the Battle of Hastings, Edward's widow and children fled for safety to Scotland. Her brother Edgar the Aetheling, defeated claimant to the English throne, joined her there. In spite of her leanings toward a religious life, Margaret married (circa 1070) Malcolm III Canmore, king of Scotland from 1057 or 1058 to 1093. Through her influence over her husband and his court, she promoted, in conformity with the Gregorian reform, the interests of the church and of the English population conquered by the Scots in the previous century. She died shortly after her husband was slain near Alnwick, Northumberland. Margaret of Scotland, Saint. Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved June 25, 2003, from Encyclopædia Britannica Premium Service.
[Child] [Child]
Edward de Évreux de Salisbury, Sheriff of Wiltshire and Lord of Chittern (Wiltshire) was born circa 1060 in Salisbury, Wiltshire, England. He died circa 1130 and was buried in Bradenstoke, Wiltshire, England. Edward married Maud FitzHubert. [Parents]
BIOGRAPHY: Edward fought for Henry I at the Battle of Bremule versus Louis VI of France.
Maud FitzHubert was born 1070.
[Child]
Sir Patrick de Chaworth "Patrick de Cadcurcis" was born 1052 in Chaworth, Nottinghamshire or Toddington, Bedfordshire County. He married Maud de Hesdin.
Maud de Hesdin was born 1057 in Toddington, Bedfordshire County, England. [Parents]
[Child]
Robert de Bellême, Earl of Shrewsbury and Arundel "Robert de Alençon" was born circa 1052 in Montgomery, Wales. He died after 1130 in Wareham, Dorset, England. Robert married Agnes de Ponthieu. [Parents]
BIOGRAPHY: Robert Bellême (also spelled Belesme) was a Norman magnate, soldier, and outstanding military architect, who for a time was the most powerful vassal of the English crown under the second and third Norman kings, William II Rufus (who died in 1100) and Henry I. His contemporary reputation for sadism was extreme, even among the cruel Normans. A younger son of Roger de Montgomery, 1st earl of Shropshire or Shrewsbury, Robert inherited lordships in Normandy, among them Bellême (in the present French département of Orne). In the struggle between the two older sons of King William I the Conqueror he originally sided with Duke Robert II Curthose of Normandy, but in 1097 he fought for the other son, William II Rufus, against the Duke and King Philip I of France. Also on behalf of Rufus, he captured Helias (Hélie), count of Maine, thereby securing the important town of Le Mans for the English. His greatest work of military architecture was the castle of Gisors, on the border between Normandy and the French kingdom. After Henry I, who had been Robert's chief rival for power in Normandy, had succeeded Henry's older brother, Rufus, as king of England, Robert rebelled (1101 to 1102). He was deprived of his English lands and earldom in 1102 and unsuccessfully fought against Henry in the Battle of Tinchebrai on September 28, 1106). King Louis VI of France sent him (in November 1112) as ambassador to Henry I, who quickly arrested Robert and imprisoned him for the rest of his life. Robert of Bellême, 3rd Earl of Shropshire Or Shrewsbury. Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved June 27, 2003, from Encyclopædia Britannica Premium Service.
Agnes de Ponthieu was born 1066 in France. [Parents]
[Child]
Eudes Capet de Bourgogne I, Duke of Burgundy "Borel the Red" was born 1058 and married 1080. He died 23 Mar 1103 in Tarsus. Eudes married Sybille de Bourgogne. [Parents]
Sybille de Bourgogne was born circa 1065 and married 1080. She died after 1103. [Parents]
[Child] [Child]
Geoffrey de Dinan.
[Child]
Stephen Comes Britanniae, Lord Richmond and Count of Brittany, Treguier, and Lamballe "Etienne de Rennes" was born 1065 in Bretagne région, France. He died 21 Apr 1136 and was buried in Choir of St. Mary's, York, England. Stephen married Hawise de Guincamp. [Parents]
BIOGRAPHY: Stephen was the founder of Augustinian Abbey of Saint Croix at Guincampe (circa 1110) and the founder of Cistercian Abbey of Begard.
Hawise de Guincamp "Hawise de Sourdeval" was born 1064. She died after 1135.
[Child]
Hugh de Rethel, Count of Rethel was born circa 1030 in Rethel, Ardennes département, Champagne-Ardennes région, France. He died Nov 1118. Hugh married Melisende de Montlhery. [Parents]
Melisende de Montlhery was born circa 1040 in Corbeil, Marne département, Champagne-Ardennes région, France. She died after 1097. [Parents]
[Child] [Child]
Godfrey de Namur, Count of Namur was born 1067 in Namur, Namur province, Belgium and married circa 1087. He died 19 Aug 1139 in Floreffe, France. Godfrey married Sibylle de Château-Porcien. [Parents]
Sibylle de Château-Porcien was born circa 1075 in Château-Porcien, France and married circa 1087. [Parents]
[Child]
Godfrey de Namur, Count of Namur is printed above.
Ermesinde Gräfin de Luxembourg, Countess of Dagsburg and Heiress of Luxemburg and Longwy was born circa 1084 in Trier Regierungsbezirk, western Rhineland-Palatinate Land, Germany. She died 24 Jun 1143. [Parents]
[Child]
Adalbert von Egisheim II, Count of Egisheim and Dagsburg-Moka was born circa 1054 in Egisheim, Haut-Rhin département, Alsace région (now Alsace-Lorraine région), France and married circa 1092. He died 24 Aug 1098. Adalbert married Ermesinde Gräfin de Luxembourg, Countess of Dagsburg and Heiress of Luxemburg and Longwy. [Parents]
Ermesinde Gräfin de Luxembourg, Countess of Dagsburg and Heiress of Luxemburg and Longwy is printed above.
[Child]
Thurstan Basset was born circa 1040 or 1046 in Ouilly-Basset, Normandy or Thurleigh, Bedfordshire County, England. He died circa 1086 in England. [Parents]
[Child]
Robert de Buci was born circa 1040 in Normandy. He died in Great Weldon, Kettering, Northamptonshire County, England.
[Child]
Reginald Robert de Dunstanville was born 1054 in Castle Combe, Wiltshire County, England and married before 1080. He died between 1124 to 1135 in Tewkesbury, Wiltshire County, England. Reginald married Adeliza Alice de Lisle. [Parents]
Adeliza Alice de Lisle was born 1058 in Castle Combe, Wiltshire County, England and married before 1080. She died in England. [Parents]
[Child]
Milo de Courtenay was born circa 1069 in Courtenay, Loiret département, Centre région, France. He died 1127 in Abbey of Fountain Jean, France. Milo married Ermengarde de Nevers. [Parents]
Ermengarde de Nevers was born circa 1073 in Nevers, Nièvre département, Bourgogne région, France. She died 1095 in France. [Parents]
[Child]
Frederick de Donjon was born circa 1074 or 1085 in Yerro, France or Courtenay, Loiret département, Centre région, France. [Parents]
[Child]
Robert d'Avranches was born before 1001 in England.
[Child]
Roger de Mortimer died before 1090. He married Hawise Unknown.
Hawise Unknown.
[Child]
Copyright © 1994-2002 Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
Sources Encylopedia Britannica 2002, Expanded ion DVD
The Hohenstaufen were a dynasty of Kings of Germany, many of whom were also crowned Holy Roman Emperor and Dukes of Swabia. The proper name, taken from their castle in Swabia, is Staufen.
When the last member of the Salian dynasty, Henry V, Holy Roman Emperor, died without an heir there was controversy about the succession. Frederick and Conrad, the two current male Staufens, were grandsons of Henry III, Holy Roman Emperor and nephews of Henry V. After the death of the intervening king and emperor Lothar III of Supplinburg, in 1137, Conrad became Conrad III of Germany.
Contents
1 Members of the Hohenstaufen family
1.1 Holy Roman Emperors and Kings of Germany
1.2 Dukes of Swabia
2 See also
Members of the Hohenstaufen family
Holy Roman Emperors and Kings of Germany
Conrad III, king 1138-1152
Frederick I Barbarossa, king 1152-1190, Emperor after 1155
Henry VI, king 1190-1197, Emperor after 1191
Philip of Swabia, king 1198-1208
Frederick II, king 1208-1250, Emperor after 1220
Henry (VII), king 1220 - 1235 (under his father)
Conrad IV, king 1237-1254 (under his father)
The last ruling Hohenstaufen, Conrad IV, was never crowned emperor. After a 20 year period the first Habsburg was elected king.
Dukes of Swabia
Note: Some of the following dukes are already listed above as German Kings
Frederick I, Duke of Swabia (Friedrich) (r. 1079 - 1105)
Frederick II, Duke of Swabia (r. 1105 - 1147)
Frederick I, Holy Roman Emperor (Frederick III of Swabia)(r. 1147 - 1152) King in 1152 and Holy Roman Emperor in 1155
Frederick IV, Duke of Swabia (r. 1152 - 1167)
Frederick V, Duke of Swabia (r. 1167 - 1170)
Frederick VI, Duke of Swabia (r. 1170 - 1191)
Conrad II, Duke of Swabia (r. 1191 - 1196)
Philip of Swabia (r. 1196 - 1208) King in 1198
Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor (r. 1212 - 1216) King in 1212 and Holy Roman Emperor in 1220
Henry (VII) of Germany (r. 1216 - 1235), King 1220 - 1235
Conrad IV (r. 1235 - 1254) King in 1237
Conrad V (Conradin) (r. 1254 - 1268)
See also: Dukes of Swabia family tree
See also
List of monarchs of Naples and Sicily. Hohenstaufen kings ruled in Sicily from 1194 till Manfred of Sicily was killed in the Battle of Benevento in 1266.
During the Third Reich, the Waffen-SS named an SS Panzer division Hohenstaufen in honour of this family.
also called Staufer Dynasty,
German dynasty that ruled the Holy Roman Empire from 1138 to 1208 and from 1212 to 1254. The founder of the line was the count Friedrich (died 1105), who built Staufen Castle in the Swabian Jura Mountains and was rewarded for his fidelity to Emperor Heinrich IV. (1050-1106) by being appointed duke of Swabia as Friedrich I in 1079. He later married Heinrich's daughter Agnes. His two sons, Friedrich II, duke of Swabia, and Konrad, were the heirs of their uncle, Emperor Heinrich V. (1086-1125), who died childless in 1125. After the interim reign of the Saxon Lothair III. (1075-1137), Konrad became German king and Holy Roman emperor as Konrad III. (1093-1152) in 1138. Subsequent Hohenstaufen rulers were Friedrich I. Barbarossa (1123-1190) (Holy Roman emperor 1155?90), Heinrich VI. (1165-1197) (Holy Roman emperor 1191?97), Philip of Swabia (king 1198? 1208), Friedrich II. (1194-1250) (king, 1212?50, emperor 1220?50), and Conrad IV (king 1237?54). The Hohenstaufen, especially Friedrich I and Friedrich II, continued the struggle with the papacy that began under their Salian predecessors, and were active in Italian affairs.
The Last Empress of imperial dynasty Avril von Hohenstaufen Burey Anjou Plantagenet is H.I.R.H. Princess Yasmine Aprile von Hohenstaufen Puoti (1946 Chateau Princes Puoti Palais Puoti- Villa di Briano)
Copyright © 1994-2002 Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
Sources Encylopedia Britannica 2002, Expanded ion DVD
Post a Comment
<< Home